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Validation of the Short‐Form 36 Health Survey (SF‐36) for use in Mexican older persons

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Abstract

The Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey has been widely used and has proven to be a valid and reliable scale for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, research on HRQoL and validation of measurement scales in Mexico for its use with older persons is still incipient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of SF-36 in a sample of 1,915 community-dwelling Mexicans 60 years and older, from two Mexican cities. Item mean scores were lowest in the dimensions of General Health (58.6), Social Functioning (58.9) Role Physical (66.5) and Vitality (67.8), and the highest mean scores were obtained in the Role Emotional (82.2), Mental Health (76.9), Bodily Pain (72.2) and Physical Functioning (70.3). The SF-36 showed appropriate internal consistency, construct validity, and factor structure. Reliability results showed a Cronbach’s alpha with coefficient for all subscales between 0.79 and 0.87 indicating good reliability. Exploratory factor analysis showed six factors, different from its original structure. The Social functioning subscale presented the least acceptable results, which may reflect different understandings in the Mexican older population. The SF-36 showed good discrimination between groups of individuals with and without chronic diseases, and high correlation between depressive symptoms, economic situation, and social support. Results show that the SF-36 is adequate for use in Mexican older persons. In future studies, health outcomes for this population group in Mexico may be consistently assessed using the SF-36.

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Acknowledgements

This study was carried out as part of the project titled “Abuse in old age: prevalence and risk factors. A cohort study” (In Spanish: “Maltrato en la vejez: prevalencia y factores de riesgo. Un estudio de cohorte”), funded by the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT, for its acronym in Spanish) (CB-2016/287302). Our greatest appreciation to all the older persons who participated in the study, sharing their time and experiences. We also want to thank the researchers who were part of the fieldwork and to the authorities of the City Councils of Xalapa and Mexico City for their support.

Funding

The project was funded by the funded by the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT, for its acronym in Spanish) (CB-2016/287302). The authors received no additional financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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  1. Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico, México

    Liliana Giraldo-Rodríguez & Mariana López-Ortega

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  1. Liliana Giraldo-Rodríguez
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  2. Mariana López-Ortega
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Correspondence to Mariana López-Ortega.

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Ethics Approval and Consent

The protocol was evaluated and approved by the Ethics in Research Committee and the Research Committee of the National Institute of Geriatrics (registration DI-PI-007/2018). Each participant who was invited to participate received a fact sheet about the project and had the opportunity to ask questions about it. Informed consent was obtained in writing from all participants who agreed to participate. The project was funded by the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACyT, for its acronym in Spanish) the Call for Basic Scientific Research (CB-2016/287302).

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Giraldo-Rodríguez, L., López-Ortega, M. Validation of the Short‐Form 36 Health Survey (SF‐36) for use in Mexican older persons. Applied Research Quality Life 19, 269–292 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-023-10240-6

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