Abstract
The energy consumption of crushing is directly affected by the mechanical properties of cement materials. This research provides a theoretical proof for the mechanism of the stress relaxation of cement clinkers under high temperature. Compression stress relaxation under various high temperatures is discussed using a specially developed load cell, which can measure stress and displacement under high temperatures inside an autoclave. The cell shows that stress relaxation dramatically increases and that the remaining stress rapidly decreases with an increase in temperature. Mechanical experiments are conducted under various temperatures during the cooling process to study the changes in the grinding resistance of the cement clinker with temperature. The effects of high temperature on the load-displacement curve, compressive strength, and elastic modulus of cement clinkers are systematically studied. Results show that the hardening phenomenon of the clinker becomes apparent with a decrease in temperature and that post-peak behaviors manifest characteristics of the transformation from plasticity to brittleness. The elastic modulus and compressive strength of cement clinkers increase with a decrease in temperature. The elastic modulus increases greatly when the temperature is lower than 1000 °C. The compressive strength of clinkers increases by 73.4% when the temperature drops from 1100 to 800 °C.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ellerbrock H G, Mathiak H. Comminution technology and energy management. Zement-Kalk-Gips, 1994, 630–647
Genç O, Benzer A H. Horizontal roller mill (Horomill®) application versus hybrid HPGR/ball milling in finish grinding of cement. Minerals Engineering, 2009, 22(15): 1344–1349
de Souza V C G, Koppe J C, Costa J F C L, et al. The influence of mineralogical, chemical, and physical properties on grindability of commercial clinkers with high MgO level. Cement and Concrete Research, 2008, 38(8–9): 1119–1125
Opoczky L, Gavel V. Effect of certain trace elements on the grindability of cement clinkers in connection with the use of wastes. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 2004, 74: S129–S136
Al-Shayea N A. Khan K, Abduljauward S N. Effects of confining pressure and temperature on mixed-mode (I–II) fracture toughness of a limestone rock. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2000, 37(4): 629–643
Hueckel T, Pellegrint R. A constitutive law for thermo-plastic behaviours of rocks: An analogy with clays. Surveys in Geophysics, 1994, 15(4): 643–67l
Hajpál M. Changes in sandstone of historical monuments exposed to fire or high temperature. Fire Technology, 2002, 38(4): 373–382
David C, Menéndez B, Darot M. Influence of stress-induced and thermal cracking on physical properties and microstructure of La Peyratte granite. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 1999, 36(4): 433–448
Yu J, Li W. New Technology, New Technology, New Equipment and New Technologies of Quality Control Testing of Cement Industry Production. Beijing: The Contemporary Chinese Audio-Video Publishing Press, 2003, 32–33 (in Chinese)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, X., Bao, Y., Liu, X. et al. The stress relaxation of cement clinkers under high temperature. Front. Mech. Eng. 10, 413–417 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-015-0357-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-015-0357-7