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Experimental and analytical study on the reinforcement mechanism of in-pipe deep dynamic compaction in loose sandy soil

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Abstract

Considering that conventional dynamic compaction (CDC) method has limitation in the effectiveness of improvement depth because the improved shallow soil layers prevent the impact energy further transmitted to the deep ground, a new technique of in-pipe deep dynamic compaction (IDDC) is proposed in which the tamper can compact soil from the deep to the shallow soil layers. In this paper, the main objective is to illustrate the work mechanism of IDDC. Firstly, main components of equipment and construction process of IDDC are introduced. Then, model tests of CDC and IDDC were conducted on loose sand to obtain the influence depth using the acceleration of soil particles during impact and the distribution of cone resistance and side friction through static cone penetration tests (CPTs) after impact. Finally, the analytical formulae of superimposed stress and settlement due to IDDC was derived based on the Mindlin’s solution and equation of motion, and verified with model test results and a practical case. The results indicate that with the falling height of 1 m in model tests, the further impacts after the 6th impact of CDC could hardly improve ground, resulting in the improvement depth of around 45 cm, whereas the improvement depth of IDDC was over 80 cm. Moreover, at the falling height of 1 m, the average increment in cone resistance after IDDC is 82% greater than that after CDC. Finally, compared with experimental results, the errors of the predicted settlement and the superimposed stress are less than 26 and 14%, respectively, and the proposed formulae succeed to predict the improvement depth of IDDC applied in a coastal area of China.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the first author, [LI P] and the corresponding author, [YU J.], upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41977240) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. B200202090, No. 2242022R10073).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210024, Jiangsu, China

    Ping Li, Xinfei Sun, Gangqiang Kong & Junjun Chen

  2. Engineering Research Center of Safety and Protection of Explosion & Impact of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China

    Jun Yu

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  1. Ping Li
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Contributions

Conceptualization: [Ping Li], [Jun Yu]; Methodology: [Ping Li], [Jun Yu], [Junjun Chen]; Full analysis and investigation: [Ping Li], [Xinfei, Sun], [Jun Yu], [Junjun Chen]; Writing—original draft preparation: [Xinfei Sun, Jun Yu]; Writing—review & editing: [Ping Li], [Jun Yu], [Gangqiang Kong]; Resources: [Ping Li], [Gangqiang Kong]; Supervision: [Ping Li].

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Correspondence to Jun Yu.

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Li, P., Sun, X., Yu, J. et al. Experimental and analytical study on the reinforcement mechanism of in-pipe deep dynamic compaction in loose sandy soil. Acta Geotech. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-024-02340-w

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