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An introductory report on the biodiversity of Middle Jurassic Phoenicopsis (Czekanowskiales) from the Ordos Basin, China

中国鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗世茨康类拟刺葵属生物多样性初步报道

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  • Earth Science
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Abstract

Although the genus Phoenicopsis is the most common member of Czekanowskiales and is considered an indicative representative of the Middle Jurassic Coniopteris–Phoenicopsis assemblage in northern China, little was known about its taxonomy and biodiversity based upon the leaf cuticular structure. In this paper, three subgenera of the genus Phoenicopsis from the Middle Jurassic, Yan’an Formation of the Ordos Basin, China, Phoenicopsis (subg. Phoenicopsis) (Heer) Samylina, P. (subg. Windwardia) (Florin) Samylina and P. (subg. Culgoweria) (Florin) Samylina are identified based upon the leaf epidermal features for the first time. This discovery demonstrates that Phoenicopsis was quite diverse during the Middle Jurassic in northern China. Its biodiversity is significant for further understanding Middle Jurassic paleophytogeography and paleoclimatology of northern China. The current findings show that the three Phoenicopsis subgenera coexisted and flourished in the mixed zone (ecotone) between the Indo-Sinian Floristic Region and the Siberian Floristic Region as seasonal deciduous plants (trees or shrubs) during the Middle Jurassic. They were important elements in the Middle Jurassic deciduous gymnospermous forest community in warm temperate regions with seasonal temperature and precipitation variations. They are interpreted as growing on the hillsides and sloping fields along meandering streams, lakes and swamps in a vast sedimentary basin in a wet and warm environment.

摘要

尽管Phoenicopsis属是茨康类植物中最常见的分子, 在中国北方中侏罗世植物群中被视为Coniopteris–Phoenicopsis组合的代表性植物之一, 但是依据叶表皮构造对其开展分类学和生物多样性研究尚少。本文通过叶表皮构造研究, 首次在中国鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗统延安组中识别出本属由3个亚属组成, 即拟刺葵亚属Phoenicopsis (Phoenicopsis) (Heer) Samylina, 温德瓦狄叶亚属 P. (Windwardia) (Florin) Samylina 和苦戈维尔叶亚属P. (Culgoweria) (Florin) Samylina。这一发现表明Phoenicopsis属在中国北方中侏罗世时期具有较大的生物多样性, 对进一步了解中国北方中侏罗世古植物地理和古气候具有重要意义, 证明3个亚属作为季节性落叶植物(乔木或灌木)在中侏罗世时期同时生存和繁盛在印度-中国植物区和西伯利亚植物区之间的植物混生带内, 它们是中侏罗世具有季节性温度和降雨量变化的暖温带内裸子植物落叶森林群落中的重要组成分子, 可能生长在大型盆地和潮湿、温暖气候环境中, 沿着曲流河、湖泊和沼泽附近的山坡和岗地分布。

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41172009), Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (2010061110034), China Geological Survey (1212011120149) and Project “111”, China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130026, China

    Chunlin Sun, Yunfeng Li, Tao Li, Yuling Na & Anping Wang

  2. Research Center of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026, China

    Chunlin Sun, Yunfeng Li, Tao Li, Yuling Na & Anping Wang

  3. Department of Geology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA

    David L. Dilcher

  4. Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Hongshan Wang

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  1. Chunlin Sun
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Correspondence to Chunlin Sun.

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Sun, C., Li, Y., Dilcher, D.L. et al. An introductory report on the biodiversity of Middle Jurassic Phoenicopsis (Czekanowskiales) from the Ordos Basin, China. Sci. Bull. 60, 1858–1865 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-015-0904-y

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