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DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 9: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing using the minimal bias model

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Abstract

We present a tentative constraint on cosmological parameters Ωm and σ8 from a joint analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing from DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 9 (DR9), covering approximately 10000 square degrees and spanning the redshift range of 0.1 to 0.9. To study the dependence of cosmological parameters on lens redshift, we divide lens galaxies into seven approximately volume-limited samples, each with an equal width in photometric redshift. To retrieve the intrinsic projected correlation function wp(rp) from the lens samples, we employ a novel method to account for redshift uncertainties. Additionally, we measured the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal ΔΣ(rp) for each lens sample, using source galaxies selected from the shear catalog by applying our Fourier_Quad pipeline to DR9 images. We model these observables within the flat ACDM framework, employing the minimal bias model. To ensure the reliability of the minimal bias model, we apply conservative scale cuts: rp > 8 and 12 h−1Mpc, for wp(rp) and ΔΣ(rp), respectively. Our findings suggest a mild tendency that \(S_{8}\equiv\sigma_{8}\sqrt{\Omega_{m}/0.3}\) increases with lens redshift, although this trend is only marginally significant. When we combine low redshift samples, the value of S8 is determined to be 0.84 ± 0.02, consistent with the Planck results but significantly higher than the 3× 2pt analysis by 2–5σ. Despite the fact that further refinements in measurements and modeling could improve the accuracy of our results, the consistency with standard values demonstrates the potential of our method for more precise and accurate cosmology in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Haojie Xu, Hekun Li, Jun Zhang, Xiaohu Yang, Pengjie Zhang, Min He, Yizhou Gu, Jian Qin, Zhaozhou Li, Antonios Katsianis, Ji Yao, Zhaoyu Wang & Yirong Wang

  2. Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE)/Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Haojie Xu, Hekun Li, Jun Zhang, Xiaohu Yang, Pengjie Zhang, Yizhou Gu, Jian Qin, Zhaozhou Li, Antonios Katsianis, Zhaoyu Wang & Yirong Wang

  3. Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201210, China

    Xiaohu Yang & Pengjie Zhang

  4. CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Min He

  5. Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel

    Zhaozhou Li

  6. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200030, China

    Haojie Xu & Ji Yao

  7. Shanghai Key Lab for Astrophysics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China

    Liping Fu

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Haojie Xu thanks Mehdi Rezaie and Edmond Chaussidon for their detailed answer to the questions on imaging systematics mitigation. The authors thank Zheng Zheng for careful proofreading. This work made use of the Gravity Supercomputer at the Department of Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0404504), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11833005, 11890691, 11890692, 11533006, 11621303, and 12073017), Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 15ZR1446700), and111 Project(Grant No. B20019). We acknowledge the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project (Grant Nos. CMS-CSST-2021-A01, and CMS-CSST-2021-A02). Liping Fu acknowledges the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11933002), the Innovation Program 2019-01-07-00-02-E00032 of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, and the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project (Grant No. CMS-CSST- 2021-A01). The Photometric Redshifts for the Legacy Surveys (PRLS) catalog used in this paper was produced thanks to funding from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics via grant DE-SC0007914. The DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys consist of three individual and complementary projects: the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS), the Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey (BASS), and the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS). DECaLS, BASS and MzLS together include data obtained, respectively, at the Blanco telescope, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF’s NOIRLab; the Bok telescope, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona; and the Mayall telescope, Kitt Peak National Observatory, NOIRLab. NOIRLab is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Pipeline processing and analyses of the data were supported by NOIRLab and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Legacy Surveys also uses data products from the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE), a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Legacy Surveys was supported by: the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy; the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility; the U.S. National Science Foundation, Division of Astronomical Sciences; the National Astronomical Observatories of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation. LBNL is managed by the Regents of the University of California under contract to the U.S. Department of Energy. The complete acknowledgments can be found at https://www.legacysurvey.org. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, or any of the listed funding agencies. The DESI collaboration are honored to be permitted to conduct scientific research on Iolkam Du’ag (Kitt Peak), a mountain with particular significance to the Tohono O’dham Nation.

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Xu, H., Li, H., Zhang, J. et al. DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 9: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing using the minimal bias model. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 66, 129811 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-023-2242-8

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