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Detecting gravitational wave with an interferometric seismometer array on lunar nearside

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An Erratum to this article was published on 07 December 2023

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Abstract

Our Moon is by far the easiest natural, extraterrestrial celestial object for us to reach, and many space agencies, in particular the China National Space Administration, have publicized plans for manned missions there. Such high-profile projects must yield commensurate scientific outputs to justify their cost to the taxpayers. An important criterion for the selection of candidate experiments is the extent to which the Moon plays an integral and irreplaceable role, as opposed to offering only marginal advantages over Earth-orbit, space-based alternatives. In this study, we propose an experiment that excels in this regard, which considers the Moon as part of the experimental apparatus. Specifically, the Moon acts as a Weber bar-style resonant mass that responds to deci-Hertz gravitational waves (GWs). GW-excited lunar vibrations can be picked up by an array of (prefabricated on Earth and easy to transport to the Moon) small laser interferometric seismometers yielding GW detection. Such a setup would plug a gap in the GW frequency range already covered by the existing or underdevelopment detectors, and it can inform us on important astrophysics topics, such as the progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) or intermediate mass black holes. We provide the instrument design as well as its deployment strategy, and we also summarize relevant science cases according to the estimated viable sensitivity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Junlang Li, Fangfei Liu, Yuan Pan, Zijian Wang, Mengdi Cao, Mengyao Wang, Fan Zhang & Zong-Hong Zhu

  2. Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519087, China

    Fan Zhang

  3. Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 102206, China

    Zong-Hong Zhu

  4. Engineering Laboratory for Deep Resources Equipment and Technology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Jinhai Zhang

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  4. Zijian Wang
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  5. Mengdi Cao
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  6. Mengyao Wang
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  7. Fan Zhang
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  8. Jinhai Zhang
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  9. Zong-Hong Zhu
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mengyao Wang, Fan Zhang or Zong-Hong Zhu.

Additional information

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 310432103), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12073005, 12021003, 12021003, 11920101003, and 11633001), the Interdiscipline Research Funds of Beijing Normal University, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB23000000), and the Interdiscipline Research Funds of Beijing Normal University.

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Li, J., Liu, F., Pan, Y. et al. Detecting gravitational wave with an interferometric seismometer array on lunar nearside. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 66, 109513 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-023-2179-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-023-2179-9

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