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Molecular mechanism of crystal nucleation from solution

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Abstract

Nucleation from solution is fundamental to many natural and industrial processes. The understanding of molecular mechanism of nucleation from solution is conducive to predict crystal structure, control polymorph and design desired crystal materials. In this review, the nucleation theories, including classical nucleation theory (CNT), nonclassical nucleation theory, as well as other new proposed theories, were reprised, and the molecular mechanism of these theories was compared. Then, the molecular process of nucleation, including the current study techniques, the effect of molecular self-assembly in solutions, desolvation process, as well as the properties of solvent and crystal structure on nucleation from solution were summarized. Furthermore, the relationship of molecular conformation in solution and in crystal, and the effect of solute molecular flexibility on nucleation were discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future scopes of crystal nucleation from solution were discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21978201).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

    Xin Li, Jingkang Wang, Ting Wang, Na Wang, Shuyi Zong, Xin Huang & Hongxun Hao

  2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China

    Hongxun Hao

  3. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China

    Hongxun Hao

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  2. Jingkang Wang
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  3. Ting Wang
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  4. Na Wang
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  5. Shuyi Zong
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  6. Xin Huang
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  7. Hongxun Hao
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Correspondence to Na Wang or Hongxun Hao.

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Li, X., Wang, J., Wang, T. et al. Molecular mechanism of crystal nucleation from solution. Sci. China Chem. 64, 1460–1481 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-021-1015-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-021-1015-9

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