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Occurrence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in the Yellow River basin: focused on family farms

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Abstract

As an emerging contaminant, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have attracted growing attention, owing to their widespread dissemination and potential risk in the farming environment. However, ARG pollution from family livestock farms in the Yellow River basin, one of the main irrigation water sources in the North China Plain, remains unclear. Herein, we targeted 21 typical family farms to assess the occurrence patterns of ARGs in livestock waste and its influence on ARGs in receiving environment by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results showed that common ARGs were highly prevalent in family livestock waste, and tet-ARGs and sul-ARGs were the most abundant in these family farms. Most ARG levels in fresh feces of different animals varied, as the trend of chicken farms (broilers > laying hens) > swine farms (piglets > fattening pigs > boars and sows) > cattle farms (dairy cattle > beef cattle). The effect of natural composting on removing ARGs for chicken manure was better than that for cattle manure, while lagoon storage was not effective in removing ARGs from family livestock wastewater. More troublesomely, considerable amounts of ARGs were discharged with manure application, further leading to the ARG increase in farmland soil (up to 58–119 times), which would exert adverse impacts on human health and ecological safety.

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Funding

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42277033; 42077355), China Agriculture Research System (CARS-36), and the Talent Project of Agro-Environmental Protection Institute.

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  1. Shimei Zheng and Bingjun Han contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, China

    Shimei Zheng

  2. Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China

    Bingjun Han, Yongzhen Ding, Ran Zhao & Fengxia Yang

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, 261041, China

    Yandong Wang

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  1. Shimei Zheng
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Contributions

Shimei Zheng: sampling, methodology, writing — original draft. Bingjun Han: visualization, methodology, writing — original draft. Yandong Wang: review and editing, sampling, methodology, software. Yongzhen Ding: conceptualization, review and editing, project administration. Ran Zhao: sampling and review, sample pretreatment. Fengxia Yang: methodology, review and editing, project administration, funding acquisition, supervision.

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Zheng, ., Han, B., Wang, Y. et al. Occurrence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in the Yellow River basin: focused on family farms. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 16328–16341 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32290-5

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