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Facile synthesis of polyethyleneimine-modified cellulose nanocrystal/silica hybrid aerogel for CO2 adsorption

  • Challenges in Environmental Science & Engineering: Water Sustainability Through the Application of Advanced and Nature-Based Systems
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Abstract

Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)/silica hybrid aerogel (CSA) was synthesized from CNC and sodium silicate hybridization using the one-step sol–gel method under atmospheric drying. At a weight ratio of CNC to silica of 1:1, the obtained CSA-1 had a highly porous network, a high specific area of 479 m2 g−1, and a CO2 adsorption capacity of 0.25 mmol g−1. Then, polyethyleneimine (PEI) was impregnated on CSA-1 to improve CO2 adsorption performance. The parameters governing CO2 adsorption performance on CSA-PEI, such as temperatures (70–120 °C) and PEI concentrations (40–60 wt%), were investigated systematically. The optimum adsorbent (CSA-PEI50) exhibited an excellent CO2 adsorption capacity of 2.35 mmol g−1 at 70 °C and a PEI concentration of 50 wt%. The adsorption mechanism of CSA-PEI50 was elucidated by analyzing many adsorption kinetic models. The CO2 adsorption behaviors of CSA-PEI at various temperatures and PEI concentrations had the goodness of fit with the Avrami kinetic model, which can correspond to the multiple adsorption mechanism. The Avrami model also showed fractional reaction orders in a range of 0.352–0.613, and the root mean square error is negligible. Moreover, the rate-limiting kinetic analysis showed that film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion resistance controlled the adsorption speed and dominated the subsequent adsorption stages, respectively. The CSA-PEI50 also exhibited excellent stability after ten adsorption–desorption cycles. This study illustrated that CSA-PEI was a potential adsorbent for CO2 capture from flue gas.

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Data Availability

The datasets obtained and analyzed during this work have been mentioned in the submitted article and supplementary materials.

Abbreviations

CNC:

Cellulose nanocrystal

CSA:

Cellulose nanocrystal/silica hybrid aerogel

PEI:

Polyethyleneimine

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

HR-TEM:

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy

EDX:

Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analyzer

BET:

Brunauer-Emmett-Teller

BJH:

Barrett Joyner Halenda

ATR-FTIR:

Attenuated total reflectance—Fourier transform infrared spectrometer

RMSE:

Root mean square error

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Acknowledgements

The author is very thankful to the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) for its financial support and the Center for Advanced Instrumentation, National Central University, Taiwan, for providing analytical facilities to execute this study.

Funding

This work was supported by the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) (Grand number: MOST-109–2221-E-008–023-MY2).

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  1. Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan

    Quyen Kim Thi Doan & Kung Yuh Chiang

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  1. Quyen Kim Thi Doan
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Quyen Kim Thi Doan: conceptualization; writing—original draft; writing—review and editing. Kung-Yuh Chiang: reviewing; revising; supervising. All authors are read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kung Yuh Chiang.

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Doan, Q.K.T., Chiang, K.Y. Facile synthesis of polyethyleneimine-modified cellulose nanocrystal/silica hybrid aerogel for CO2 adsorption. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28359-2

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