Abstract
The encapsulation and eradication of anions from water have received a lot of scrutinize and are extremely important for virtuous production and environmental treatment. To prepare extremely efficient adsorbents, a highly functionalized and conjugated microporous porphyrin-based adsorbent material (Co-4MPP) was synthesized using the Alder Longo method. Co-4MPP featured a hierarchical microporous and mesoporous layered structure containing nitrogen and oxygen-based functional groups with a specific surface area of 685.209 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.495 cm3/g. Co-4MPP demonstrated a greater Cr (VI) adsorption empathy than the pristine porphyrin-based material did. The effects of various parameters such as pH, dose, time, and temperature were explored on the Cr (VI) adsorption by Co-4MPP. The pseudo-second-order model and the Cr (VI) adsorption kinetics were in agreement (R2 = 0.999). The Langmuir isotherm model matched the Cr (VI) adsorption isotherm, demonstrating the optimum Cr (VI) adsorption capacities: 291.09, 307.42, and 339.17 mg/g at 298K, 312K, and 320K, correspondingly, with remediation effectiveness of 96.88%. The model evaluation further revealed that Cr (VI) adsorption mechanism on Co-4MPP was endothermic, spontaneous, and entropy-rising. The detailed discussion of the adsorption mechanism suggested that it could be a reduction, chelation, and electrostatic interaction, in which the protonated nitrogen and oxygen-containing functional groups on the porphyrin ring interacted with Cr (VI) anions to form a stable complex, thus remediating Cr (VI) anions efficiently. Moreover, Co-4MPP demonstrated strong reusability, maintaining 70% of its Cr (VI) elimination rate after four consecutive adsorptions.
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Acknowledgements
We are immensely grateful to the CRFC and NIT Srinagar for furnishing the infrastructural and research facilities. Authors Ishfaq Ahmad Lone and Sajad Ur Rehman Beig are greatful to the Ministry of Education for fellowship.
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Ishfaq Ahmad Lone, carried out the experiment, draft writing, and data interpretation; Shakeel. A Shah, supervision, design, attestation, evaluation, and rephrasing; Sajad Ur Rehman Beig, also performed the bench work, draft work, and data analysis; Ravi Kumar, conceptualization, supervision, attestation, methodology, review, and editing.
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Lone, I.A., Beig, S.U.R., Kumar, R. et al. Porphyrin-based conjugated microporous adsorbent material for the efficient remediation of hexavalent chromium from the aquatic environment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 81055–81072 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28014-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28014-w