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Offshoring the scarring causes and effects of environmental challenges faced by the advanced world: an empirical evidence

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Abstract

In contemplating the prospects of advanced world countries, researchers stand divided among two groups: one group crying “melting of glaciers” and the group denying global warming as a significant concern while reaping the fruits of growth. One persistent concern for the other group is much desirable economic growth at the cost of environmental degradation, which is now reaching a scale where the global climate is become not only unsustainable but also causing a significant threat to our existence. In our opinion, environmental degradation should be taken very seriously now, particularly by pointing out the necessary variables causing it so that effective policy designs are formulated. The present study also gives a brief overview of the environmental repercussions with references to technology-led growth in developed countries. We have incorporated the direct composition effect captured by the capital-labor ratio (K/L), indicating that advanced countries use environmentally friendly technology for production processes. We propose that the most vulnerable impact of economic activities on environmental degradation (measured through carbon dioxide emissions) are urbanization, trade, and energy use. The latter is probably more policy-oriented, is undoubtedly more easily measured, and could be deeply analyzed for policy formulation. Whereas, in the urban areas, emissions of carbon dioxide particulate with an increase in population and development and serve as a significant concern for global environmental sustainability.

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Data availability

The data sets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Notes

  1. 1996–2016

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Economics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    Iftikhar Yasin & Aribah Aslam

  2. School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Hefei, 230026, China

    Abu Bakkar Siddik

  3. Riphah School of Business & Management, Riphah International University Lahore, Raiwind Campus, Lahore, 210098, Pakistan

    Kashif Abbass

  4. Department of Economics, School of Business and Economics, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh

    Muntasir Murshed

  5. Department of Journalism, Media and Communications, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Muntasir Murshed

  6. Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS), E-17 Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    Muntasir Murshed

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  1. Iftikhar Yasin
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Contributions

I. Y. and A. A. conceptualized and wrote the original draft; A. B. S. and M. M. compiled the literature review and generated the graphical illustrations, reviewed and edited, conducted the econometric analysis, and analyzed the findings; and K. A. wrote the Introduction and supervised and reviewed the whole work.

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Correspondence to Muntasir Murshed.

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Table 7 Selected countries
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Yasin, I., Aslam, A., Siddik, A.B. et al. Offshoring the scarring causes and effects of environmental challenges faced by the advanced world: an empirical evidence. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 79335–79345 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27918-x

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