Abstract
Hydrothermal pretreatment (HPT) followed by anaerobic digestion (AD) is an alternative for harvesting energy and removing organic contaminants from sewage sludge and animal manure. This study investigated the use, in an energetically sustainable way, of HPT and AD, alone or combined, to produce methane and remove tylosin and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) from poultry litter (PL). The results showed that HPT at 80 °C (HPT80), followed by single-stage AD (AD-1S), led to the production of 517.9 ± 4.7 NL CH4 kg VS−1, resulting in 0.11 kWh kg PL−1 of electrical energy and 0.75 MJ kg PL−1 of thermal energy, thus supplying 33.6% of the energy spent on burning firewood at a typical farm. In this best-case scenario, the use of HPT alone reduced tylosin concentration from PL by 23.6%, while the process involving HPT followed by AD-1S led to the removal of 91.6% of such antibiotic. The combined process (HPT80 + AD-1S), in addition to contributing to reduce the absolute and relative abundances of ARG ermB (2.13 logs), intI1 (0.39 logs), sul1 (0.63 logs), and tetA (0.74 logs), led to a significant removal in the relative abundance of tylosin-resistant bacteria present in the poultry litter.
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The authors declare that all data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article, including the supplementary information on files.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel–CAPES (funding code no. 001), National Health Foundation–FUNASA, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development–CNPq, Research Support Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais–FAPEMIG, and Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP).
Funding
This work was supported by National Health Foundation–FUNASA (2510001557612017–21); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development–CNPq (423101/2018–8); and Research Support Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais–FAPEMIG (APQ-02701–18).
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Aline Gomes de Oliveira Paranhos contributed with conceptualization, methodology, investigation, formal analysis, and writing—original draft. Andressa Rezende Pereira contributed with methodology, formal analysis, and writing—original draft. Letícia Dias Nunes Coelho contributed with methodology and investigation. Silvana de Queiroz Silva contributed with writing—review and editing and funding acquisition. Sérgio Francisco de Aquino contributed with conceptualization, writing—review and editing, project administration, and funding acquisition.
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Paranhos, A.G.d.O., Pereira, A.R., Coelho, L.D.N. et al. Hydrothermal pre-treatment followed by anaerobic digestion for the removal of tylosin and antibiotic resistance agents from poultry litter. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 42443–42455 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25329-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25329-6