Abstract
This paper addresses a preliminary study on the emission control of pollutants from an industrial furnace. The stack sampling technique was implemented in this study, and the quantity of pollutants released from the furnace smoke was monitored. The transverse points required to collect the data were selected based on the upstream and downstream disturbances. At first, the investigation was made with the furnace oil. A 15.28% and 5.1% of CO2 and O2 were observed in the flue gas from of regular furnace oil. Hence, by considering the emission level observed, the analysis was repeated with the low sulphur-low stack and the coal tar fuel. The emission of SO2 and N2 was reduced with coal-tar fuel compared with the regular furnace fuel. Thus, the proposed operational adjustment attenuates the pollutant emission, which also helps to reduce the unfavorable impact on the environment. In the future, the authors intend to include a design change in the furnace burner, which would help to increase fuel efficiency and reduce pollution.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Varatharajan Prasannavenkadesan. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Chockalingam Singaravelu. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Appendix
Appendix
Model calculation for coal tar fuel
1 kg (carbon) + 8/3 kg = 11/3 kg (carbon dioxide).
1 kg (sulphur) + 1 kg (oxygen) = 2 kg (sulphur dioxide).
Minimum weight of air required for combustion = weight of oxygen required for combustion × 23/100.
Weight of nitrogen present in the fuel = weight of air required for combustion × 77/100.
Air fuel ratio = mass of air flow/mass of fuel flow.
Element | O2 required kg | Dry products |
|---|---|---|
C = 0.9 | 0.9 × [8/3] = 2.4 | 0.9 × [11/3] = 3.3 |
H = 0.06 | 0.06 × 8 = 0.48 | _ |
O2 = 0.025 | _ | _ |
S = 0.005 | 0.005 × [1 × 1] = 0.005 | 0.005 × 2 = 0.01 |
N = 0.01 | _ | 0.01 |
Weight O2 required – weight O2 already present in air = 2.885–0.025 = 2.60 kg.
Minimum weight of air required for combustion = 2.86 × [100/23] = 12.434 kg.
20% of excess air supplies = 12.434 × 1.2 = 14.92.
Weight of N2 present in the fuel = 0.01 kg.
Weight of N2 present in the air = [14.92 × 77]/100 = 11.488 kg.
Total weight of N2 = 11.488 + 0.01 = 11.5 kg.
Weight of free O2 due to excess air = [14.92–12.434] × [23/100] = 0.571 kg.
Calculation for determining % of flue gases
Name | Weight [X] | Molecular weight [Y] | Relative volume Z = (X/Y) m3 | % Volume = [Z/ΣZ]*100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
CO2 | 3.3 | 44 | 0.075 | 14.91 |
N2 | 11.5 | 28 | 0.410 | 81.51 |
O2 | 0.571 | 32 | 0.0178 | 3.53 |
SO2 | 0.01 | 64 | 0.000156 | 0.00031 |
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Prasannavenkadesan, V., Singaravelu, C. Reduction of pollutant emissions from a heat treatment furnace. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-25025-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-25025-x