Abstract
The hydrophobicity of silica and composite aerogels has enabled them to acquire applications in a variety of fields. With remarkable structural, morphological, and physiochemical properties such as high porosity, surface area, chemical stability, and selectivity, these materials have gained much attention of researchers worldwide. Moreover, the hydrophobic conduct has enabled these aerogels to adsorb substances, i.e., organic pollutants, without collapsing the pore and network structure. Hence, considering such phenomenal properties and great adsorption potential, exploiting these materials for environmental and biomedical applications is trending. The present study explores the most recent advances in synthetic approaches and resulting properties of hydrophobic silica and composite aerogels. It presents the various precursors and co-precursors used for hydrophobization and gives a comparative analysis of drying methods. Moreover, as a major focus, the work presents the recent progress where these materials have shown promising results for various environmental remediation and biomedical applications. Finally, the bottlenecks in synthesis and applicability along with future prospects are given in conclusions.
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Adapted from ref. (Pierre and Rigacci 2011)
Adapted from ref. (Anderson and Carroll 2011)
Adapted from ref. (Anderson and Carroll 2011)
Adapted from ref. (Wu et al. 2020)
Adapted from ref. (Zhao et al. 2019)
Adapted from ref. (Qian et al. 2021)
Adapted from ref. (Menshutina et al. 2018)
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Faheem Akhter, Abdul Rauf Jamali, Mahmood Nabi Abbasi, Mukhtiar Ali Mallah: introduction, synthesis routes, drying of wet gel; Faheem Akhter, Ahsan Atta Rao, Shafeeque Ahmed Wahocho: comparison of drying methods, synthesis of hydrophobic silica and composite aerogels; Faheem Akhter, Hafiz Anees-ur-Rehman, Zubair Ahmed Chandio: applications, conclusions.
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Akhter, F., Jamali, A.R., Abbasi, M.N. et al. A comprehensive review of hydrophobic silica and composite aerogels: synthesis, properties and recent progress towards environmental remediation and biomedical applications. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 11226–11245 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24689-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24689-9