Abstract
Toxicological assessment of CMQW generated due to chromite mining activities at Sukinda Valley has revealed high chromium contamination along with Zn and Fe. The present study focused on the mechanism of chromate reduction by an indigenous multi-metal tolerant bacterium, Rhizobium pusense CR02, isolated from CMQW. The isolated strain has shown resistance up to 520 mg/L of Cr(VI) with an IC50 value of 385.4 mg/L. The highest reduction rate 8.6 × 10−2/h was recorded with 20 mg/L of initial concentration of Cr(VI). Extracellular (3.06 ± 0.012 U/mL), intracellular (3.60 ± 0.13 U/mL), and membrane (1.89 ± 0.01 U/mL) associated chromate reductases were found to be involved for reduction. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by the isolate also enhanced reduction activity of 46.32 ± 1.69 mg/L after 72 h with an initial concentration of 50 mg/L. FTIR analysis revealed the involvement of functional groups –OH, –CO, and –NH for Cr(VI) biosorption whereas P=O, –CO–NH– and –COOH interacted with Cr(III). Zeta potential with less negative surface charge favored reduction of Cr(VI). Treatment of CMQW by bacterial isolate detoxified Cr(VI) minimizing chromosomal aberrations in root cells of Allium cepa L., suggesting the role of Rhizobium pusense CR02 as a promising bio-agent for Cr(VI) detoxification.
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Acknowledgements
We would also acknowledge University Grants Commission (UGC), Govt. of India for providing NFOBC Fellowship. We would also like to acknowledge CIF, OUAT, and Bhubaneswar for ICP-OES and Zeta potential analysis; CSIR-NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala for XPS analysis; ILS, Bhubaneswar for DNA sequencing facilities. We are also highly thankful to the research scholars from the Department of Chemistry and Department of Geology at Ravenshaw University, for their help in FESEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR analyses and the preparation of the location map. We are also very much thankful to Dr. Bairagi Charan Mallick, Asst. Prof., Department of Chemistry at Ravenshaw University, for providing ultrasonication and fluorescence spectroscopy facility.
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We would like to express our sincere thanks to SERB, Govt. of India (YSS/2015/001089) for the financial support.
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Hrudananda Sahoo: Conceptualization, methodology, execution of all experiments, data analysis, validation, manuscript writing, reviewing, and editing. Kanika Kisku, Kumar S. K. Varadwaj, and Prasannajit Acharya: Data analysis, review, and editing. Umesh Chandra Naik: Conceptualization, validation of data, review, and editing.
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Sahoo, H., Kisku, K., Varadwaj, K.S.K. et al. Mechanism of Cr(VI) reduction by an indigenous Rhizobium pusense CR02 isolated from chromite mining quarry water (CMQW) at Sukinda Valley, India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 3490–3511 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22264-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22264-w