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Plastics in the environment as potential threat to life: an overview

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Abstract  

Plastics have become inevitable for human beings in their daily life. Million tons of plastic waste is entering in oceans, soil, freshwater, and sediments. Invasion of plastics in different ecosystems is causing severe problems to inhabitants. Wild animals such as seabirds, fishes, crustaceans, and other invertebrates are mostly effected by plastic entanglements and organic pollutants absorbed and carried by plastics/microplastics. Plastics can also be potentially harmful to human beings and other mammals. Keeping in view the possible harms of plastics, some mitigation strategies must be adopted which may include the use of bioplastics and some natural polymers such as squid-ring teeth protein. This review focuses on the possible sources of intrusion and fate of plastics in different ecosystems, their potential deleterious effects on wildlife, and the measures that can be taken to minimize and avoid the plastic use.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Imania Ghaffar & Ali Hussain

  2. Faculty of Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Rashid

  3. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan

    Muhammad Akmal

  4. Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Akmal

  5. Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Ali Hussain

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  1. Imania Ghaffar
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  2. Muhammad Rashid
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  3. Muhammad Akmal
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  4. Ali Hussain
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I.G. writing—review and editing. M.R. data curation. M.A. critical revision. A.H. conceptualization and writing—review and editing.

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Ghaffar, I., Rashid, M., Akmal, M. et al. Plastics in the environment as potential threat to life: an overview. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 56928–56947 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21542-x

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