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Utilization of zinc-ferrite/water hybrid nanofluids on thermal performance of a flat plate solar collector—a thermal modeling approach

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Abstract

Thermodynamic performance analysis is carried out on a flat plate solar thermal collector utilizing single and hybrid nanofluids. Fe2O4/water, Zn-Fe2O4/water hybrid nanofluids, and water are used as heat transfer fluids, and their performance is compared based on the energy and exergy transfer rate. The thermo-physical properties are evaluated by regression polynomial model for all the working fluids. Developed codes in MATLAB are created to solve the collector’s thermal model iteratively, energy, and exergetic performance. The system is then subjected to parametric investigation and optimization for variations in fluid flow rate, temperatures, and concentrations of nanoparticles. The findings show that utilizing Zn-Fe2O4/water hybrid nanofluids with a particle concentration of 0.5% enhanced the solar collector’s thermal performance by 6.6% while using Fe2O4/water nanofluids raised the collector’s thermal performance by 7.83% when compared to water as the working fluid. The maximum energy efficiency of 80.1% is attained at the mass flow rate of 0.1 kg/s. The hybrid nanofluids have also given a maximum exergetic efficiency of 5.36% and an enhancement of 8.24% compared to Fe2O4/water nanofluids. It evidences that the hybrid nanofluids would become a better thermal alternative for water as well as single nanofluids.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their deep gratitude to Audisankara College Engineering & Technology, Gudur, to provide research facilities for carry out this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Audisankara College of Engineering & Technology, Gudur, 524101, India

    Prakasam Michael Joseph Stalin

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Guru GhasidasViswavidyalaya (Central University), Chhattisgarh, 495009, India

    Thottipalayam Vellingiri Arjunan

  3. Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammed Almeshaal & Palaniappan Murugesan

  4. Christian College of Engineering and Technology, Oddanchatram, 624619, India

    Balaramachandran Prabu

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641407, India

    Pasupathi Manoj Kumar

Authors
  1. Prakasam Michael Joseph Stalin
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  2. Thottipalayam Vellingiri Arjunan
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  3. Mohammed Almeshaal
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  4. Palaniappan Murugesan
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  6. Pasupathi Manoj Kumar
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Contributions

P. Michael Joseph Stalin: conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft. T.V. Arjunan: validation and supervision. Mohammed Almeshaal: formal analysis, investigation. Murugesan Palaniappan: writing—review and editing. B. Prabu: visualization. P. Manoj Kumar: validation

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Correspondence to Prakasam Michael Joseph Stalin.

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Stalin, P.M.J., Arjunan, T.V., Almeshaal, M. et al. Utilization of zinc-ferrite/water hybrid nanofluids on thermal performance of a flat plate solar collector—a thermal modeling approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 78848–78861 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21261-3

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