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Development of multimode gas-fired combined-cycle chemical-looping combustion-based power plant layouts

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Abstract

Operation of power plants with carbon dioxide capture and sequestration (CCS) and without carbon dioxide capture and storage modes and energy penalty or energy utilization in such operations is of great significance. This work reports on two gas-fired pressurized chemical-looping combustion (CLC) power plant layouts with two inbuilt modes of flue gas exit, namely, one with carbon dioxide capture mode and the second mode is letting flue gas (consists of carbon dioxide and water) without capturing carbon dioxide. Without CCS mode, the higher thermal efficiencies of 54.06 and 52.63% are obtained for natural gas and syngas, respectively. In carbon capture mode, a net thermal efficiency of 52.13% is obtained with natural gas and 48.78% with syngas. The operating pressure of the air reactor is taken to be 13 bar for realistic operational considerations, and that of the fuel reactor is 11.5 bar. Two power plant layouts were developed based on combined-cycle chemical-looping combustion (CC CLC) for natural gas and syngas fuels. A single layout is developed for two fuels with a possible retrofit for dual fuel operation. The CLC power plants can be operated with two modes of flue gas exit options, and these operational options make them higher thermal efficient power plants.

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Abbreviations

CLC:

Chemical-looping combustion

CC:

Combined cycle

CC CLC:

Combined-cycle chemical-looping combustion

CCS:

Carbon capture and sequestration (or storage)

HRSG:

Heat recovery steam generator

IGCC:

Integrated gasification combined cycle

NGCC:

Natural gas combined cycle

SMOC:

Steam moderated oxyfuel combustion

\({h}_{\mathrm{Air in}}\) :

Enthalpy in air entering into air reactor, kJ/kg

\({h}_{\mathrm{Dep Air}}\) :

Enthalpy of oxygen depleted air reactor leaving the system, kJ/kg

\({h}_{\mathrm{MeO}}\) :

Enthalpy in oxygenated carrier, kJ/kg

\({h}_{{\mathrm{Me}}_{x-1}}\) :

Enthalpy in reduced oxygen carrier, kJ/kg

\({h}_{\mathrm{Fuel in}}\) :

Enthalpy flow in fuel entering into fuel reactor, kJ/kg

\({h}_{\mathrm{Exhaust}}\) :

Enthalpy flow in exhaust leaving fuel reactor, kJ/kg

\({\Delta H}_{\mathrm{Ox}}\) :

Heat of oxidation, kJ/mol

\({\Delta H}_{\mathrm{Red}}\) :

Heat of reduction, kJ/mol

\({M}_{\mathrm{Exhaust}}\) :

Mass flow of exhaust (containing CO2 and water vapor) leaving fuel reactor per unit time, kg/s

\({M}_{{\mathrm{O}}_{2}\mathrm{in}}\) :

Mass of oxygen in fresh air, entering to air reactor, kg/s

\({M}_{\mathrm{Dep Air}}\) :

Mass of depleted air at the exit of air reactor, kg/s

\({M}_{{\mathrm{O}}_{2}\mathrm{out}}\) :

Mass of oxygen present in depleated air at the exit of the air reactor, kg/s

\({M}_{\mathrm{Fuel in}}\) :

Mass of fuel entering into fuel reactor, kg/s

\({M}_{\mathrm{Exhaust}}\) :

Mass of exhaust gas (containing CO2 and water vapor) leaving fuel reactor, kg/s

\({M}_{{\mathrm{MeO}}_{\mathrm{x}}}\) :

Mass of oxidized oxygen carrier, kg/s

\({M}_{{\mathrm{MeO}}_{\mathrm{x}-1}}\) :

Mass of reduced oxygen carrier, kg/s

\({P}_{1}\) :

Compressor inlet pressure, bar

\({P}_{2}\) :

Compressor outlet pressure, bar

\({r}_{\mathrm{p}}\) :

Compression pressure ratio

\(T\) :

Temperature at any point, °C

\({T}_{1}\) :

Temperature of the gas at compressor inlet, K

\({T}_{2\mathrm{s}}\) :

Isentropic temperature of gas at compressor exit, K

\({T}_{3}\) :

Temperature of the fluid at gas turbine inlet and, K

\({T}_{4\mathrm{s}}\) :

Isentropic temperature at gas turbine exit, K

e:

Electrical (related to power, as in MWe)

Ox:

Oxidation

Red:

Reduction

th:

Thermal (related to power, as in MWth)

x,  x − 1:

Oxidised and reduced states of oxygen carrier, respectively

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This research work has not funded by government/private agencies or institutions.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, 560059, India

    Basavaraja Revappa Jayadevappa

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  1. Basavaraja Revappa Jayadevappa
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Complete work involved in literature findings, heat/mass balances, power cycle calculations, layout development was being done by the single author Basavaraja R. J.

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Correspondence to Basavaraja Revappa Jayadevappa.

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Jayadevappa, B.R. Development of multimode gas-fired combined-cycle chemical-looping combustion-based power plant layouts. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 54967–54987 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19748-0

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