Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease associated with extensive mucosal damage. Prodigiosins (PGs) are natural bacterial pigments with well-known antioxidant and immunosuppressive properties. In the current study, we examined the possible protective effect of PGs loaded with selenium nanoparticles (PGs-SeNPs) against acetic acid (AcOH)-induced UC in rats. Thirty-five rats were separated into five equal groups with seven animals/group: control, UC, PGs (300 mg/kg), sodium selenite (Na2SeO3, 2 mg/kg), PGs-SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg), and 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA, 200 mg/kg). Interestingly, PGs-SeNPs administration lessened colon inflammation and mucosal damage as indicated by inhibiting inflammatory markers upon AcOH injection. Furthermore, PGs-SeNPs improved the colonic antioxidant capacity and prevented oxidative insults as evidenced by the upregulation of Nrf2- and its downstream antioxidants along with the decreased pro-oxidants [reactive oxygen species (ROS), carbonyl protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nitric oxide (NO] in the colon tissue. Furthermore, PGs-SeNPs protected intestinal cell loss through blockade apoptotic cascade by decreasing pro-apoptotic proteins [Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3] and increasing anti-apoptotic protein, B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2). Collectively, PGs-SeNPs could be used as an alternative anti-colitic option due to their strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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This work was supported by the Taif University Researchers Supporting Program (Project number: TURSP-2020/151), Taif University, Saudi Arabia.
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Rami B. Kassab and Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim designed the project. Hala A. Mohamed, Ali M.S. Hebishy, Mohammed I.Y. Elmallah, and Mohamed S. Abdelfattah performed the experiments. Atif A.A. Oyouni, Ahmad H. Mufti, Abdulrahman Theyab, and Ashraf Al-Brakati analyzed and interpreted the data. Mohamad Elbaz drafted the manuscript. Rami B. Kassab edited the manuscript. Atif A.A. Oyouni, Ahmad H. Mufti, and Abdulrahman Theyab supplied the chemicals and reagents. All authors read and approved the final draft.
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The experiments were implemented according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition (NIH Publication No. 85–23, revised 1985). In addition, the Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University (Cairo, Egypt) has approved the experimental protocol and animal handling (Authorize Number: HU2019/Z/AER0219-011).
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Kassab, R.B., Elbaz, M., Oyouni, A.A.A. et al. Anticolitic activity of prodigiosin loaded with selenium nanoparticles on acetic acid–induced colitis in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 55790–55802 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19747-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19747-1