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Treatment of synthetic dye containing textile raw wastewater effluent using UV/Chlorine/Br photolysis process followed by activated carbon adsorption

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Abstract

This study investigated the efficiency and feasibility of ultraviolet (UV)-assisted photolysis of synthetic dye containing textile raw wastewater effluent. For a said purpose, in-house developed UV/Chlorine/Br process was followed in the presence of activated carbon (AC) which additionally facilitate the dye adsorption. In UV/Chlorine process Cl•, Cl2•−, and HO• are generated in the solution and destroyed compounds that cannot be oxidized by the conventional oxidant. In this process, free bromine is formed and photolyzed by UV radiation and generate Br• and Br2•– that can enhance the rate of pollutant degradation. In the present study, the dye removal efficiency was contributed by dark bromide (7.18%), UV irradiation (26.8%), dark chlorination (78.67%), and UV/Chlorine/Br (87.01%), respectively. With increasing pH from 3.0 to 8.30, the dye removal efficiency was enhanced but decreased by further increasing pH values. In addition, magnetized activated carbon from pomegranate husk using dual-stage chemical activation was used for post-adsorption of the residual dye and its degradation byproducts. The adsorption of the dye residues by AC followed the second-order kinetics with the rate constant of 1.7 × 10–3. The phytotoxicity of the treated textile wastewater by UV irradiation, dark chlorination, and UV/Chlorine/Br was assessed by seed germination of Lepidium sativum seeds. The highest inhibition effect on seed germination was related to treated wastewater by UV irradiation (more than 90% inhibition) that alleviated to less than 10% when this effluent diluted to 5% v/v. The highest germination was observed when the seeds were irrigated by the effluent of the UV/Chlorine/Br process. The significant reduction in the toxicity of the treated wastewater revealed that the UV/Chlorine/Br process has a considerable potential to effectively detoxify textile wastewater.

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Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

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Funding

The work was financially supported by the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences of Iran (Project No. 199359 and ethical code: IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1399.452) and no external funding was received for this review work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Sobhan Ghanbari, Ali Fatehizadeh & Ensiyeh Taheri

  2. Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Sobhan Ghanbari

  3. Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Ali Fatehizadeh & Ensiyeh Taheri

  4. School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia

    Mehdi Khiadani

  5. Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico

    Hafiz M. N. Iqbal

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  1. Sobhan Ghanbari
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  2. Ali Fatehizadeh
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  3. Mehdi Khiadani
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  4. Ensiyeh Taheri
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Contributions

Ensiyeh Taheri conceptualized the work, project administration, data evaluation, and manuscript draft preparation. Sobhan Ghanbari contributed by doing experiments and manuscript draft preparation. Ali Fatehizadeh and Mehdi Khiadani contributed with data evaluation, data analysis, and edited the final manuscript. Ensiyeh Taheri and Hafiz M.N. Iqbal reviewed and edited the final manuscript and communicated the submission. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ensiyeh Taheri or Hafiz M. N. Iqbal.

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Ghanbari, S., Fatehizadeh, A., Khiadani, M. et al. Treatment of synthetic dye containing textile raw wastewater effluent using UV/Chlorine/Br photolysis process followed by activated carbon adsorption. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 39400–39409 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18860-5

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