An overview on the enhanced gas condensate recovery with novel and green methods

Shayan Nasr, Mahdi; Esmaeilnezhad, Ehsan; Choi, Hyoung Jin

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-18847-2

An overview on the enhanced gas condensate recovery with novel and green methods

Review Article
Published: 26 January 2022

Volume 29, pages 26160–26181, (2022)
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Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Mahdi Shayan Nasr¹,
Ehsan Esmaeilnezhad¹ &
Hyoung Jin Choi²

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Abstract

A consideration of the negative environmental aspects of fossil fuels has made natural gas the best choice to meet the human demand for energy. The condensate gas reservoir is one source of gases that tolerates skin problems (liquid blockage). Conventional methods for inhibiting or removing liquid blockages are momentary treatments, non-eco-friendly, and expensive. Therefore, new methods have been introduced, such as wettability alteration toward liquid repellency, renewable energies, thermochemical reactions and waves for heating reservoirs, and CO₂ injection. This paper reviews the methods for altering the wettability of porous media by fluorochemicals, fluorinated nanoparticles (NPs), and free fluorocarbon materials from natural substances. NPs, particularly silicon-based types, as a green, clean, and emerging technology that are more compatible with the environment, were investigated for their ability to alter the wettability and upgrade conventional materials, such as polymers and surfactants. The feasibility of using renewable energies, thermochemical reactions, and waves for heating the gas condensate reservoir to overcome the skin problem and return the reservoir to the reasonable and economical gas production is reviewed. Finally, CO₂ injection is introduced as a multi-purpose green method to enhance gas condensate recovery and allow CO₂ sequestration.

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Abbreviations

IPA:: Isopropyl alcohol
G06:: Dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate
PFDS:: Perfluorodecylsilane
TEOS:: Triethoxysilane
FAS-9:: Nonafluorohydroxyltriethoxy silane
CNT:: Carbon nanotube
MWCNTs:: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes
DIW:: Deionized water
DW:: Distillated water
PVA:: Polyvinyl alcohol
HAP:: Hydroxyapatite
ETOH:: Ethanol
METOH:: Methanol
K_rf :: Relative permeability of a typical fluid (water or oil)
PFTS:: 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane
SEM:: Scanning electron microscopy

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (2021R1A4A2001403).

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Department of Petroleum Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
Mahdi Shayan Nasr & Ehsan Esmaeilnezhad
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
Hyoung Jin Choi

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Mahdi Shayan Nasr
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Ehsan Esmaeilnezhad
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Hyoung Jin Choi
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Mahdi Shayan Nasr: Original draft preparation.

Ehsan Esmaeilnezhad: Original draft preparation, review and editing, supervision, project administration.

Hyoung Jin Choi: Original draft preparation, review and editing, supervision, project administration, funding.

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Correspondence to Ehsan Esmaeilnezhad or Hyoung Jin Choi.

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Shayan Nasr, M., Esmaeilnezhad, E. & Choi, H.J. An overview on the enhanced gas condensate recovery with novel and green methods. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 26160–26181 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18847-2

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Received: 08 October 2021
Accepted: 20 January 2022
Published: 26 January 2022
Issue Date: April 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18847-2

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An overview on the enhanced gas condensate recovery with novel and green methods