Abstract
Organotin pollution in components of benthic ecosystems was investigated in 2019 in the Barents Sea (South shore, Kola Peninsula) and the Fram Strait (Icefjord, Svalbard Archipelago). Six species of organotin compounds (OTs), including monobutyltin, dibutyltin, tributyltin, tetrabutyltin, triphenyltin and tricyclohexyltin, were measured in the surface sediments, bivalve molluscs (Ciliatocardium ciliatum, Macoma calcarea, Chlamys islandica) and macrophyte algae (Saccharina latissima, Palmaria palmata, Ulvaria obscura, Fucus serratus, Fucus distichus). The results obtained showed moderate contamination of the studied samples with OTs. The total content of six tin compounds was in the ranges 35–139 ng g−1, 13–108 ng g−1 and 2.9–75 ng g−1 (dry weight) in the samples of sediments, bivalves and algae, respectively. In most cases, the concentrations of tributyltin in bottom sediments and mollusc tissues did not exceed the established international regulations. The degradation indices analysis of butyl tin derivatives indicated the active transformation of tributyltin and tetrabutyltin in bottom sediments and macrophyte algae and the accumulation of these compounds in the soft tissues of molluscs. The sediment and mollusc concentrations of OTs measured in this study were comparable to those reported for other areas of the Arctic region.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Dr M. Makarov and D. Salakhov (Murmansk Marine Biological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences) and A. Roskulyak (Polar Geophysical Institute, Kola Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences) for collecting the samples.
Funding
This study was supported by the funds within the state assignment of Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (contacts № AAAA-A19-119020190099–1 and AAAA-A17-117052310082–8).
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O. Zimina carried out sample selection for the study. G. Voskoboinikov worked on the scientific design of the experiment. Z. Zhakovskaya conducted a literary search. G.Kukhareva conducted sample preparation. L.Metelkova performed GC–MS analysis of organotins and wrote the draft of the manuscript. All authors contributed to and took part in the discussion of the paper.
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Metelkova, L., Zhakovskaya, Z., Kukhareva, G. et al. Organotin compounds (OTs) in surface sediments, bivalves and algae from the Russian coast of the Barents Sea (Kola Peninsula) and the Fram Strait (Svalbard Archipelago). Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 34659–34669 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18091-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18091-0