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On the nexus between globalization, tourism, economic growth, and biocapacity: evidence from top tourism destinations

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Abstract

Several studies have investigated the relationship between tourism, consumption of energy, globalization, and ecological footprint. However, the role of biocapacity alongside tourism development in environmental sustainability is yet to be documented in the extant literature. No doubt, the biocapacity of a country, its level of tourist’s arrival, as well as globalization all contribute immensely to ecological footprint. Consequently, this study looks at long-run and causality connections with a special focus on bio-capacity. The study uses the pooled mean group-autoregressive distributed lag model (PMG-ARDL) methodology to test the causality relationship during 2016 international tourists’ receipt from world tourism organization data files for 10 tourism destinations. Empirical result based on the panel PMG-ARDL confirms the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for the 10 tourism destinations countries investigated. Furthermore, the panel ARDL estimator was used to estimate the short-run and long-run relationships simultaneously between biocapacity, tourist arrivals, GDP per capita, globalization, and ecological footprints. While the Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel causality test was used to establish causality relationships among the highlighted variables. The trade-off between economic growth and environmental quality suggests that tourist arrival dampens environmental quality. In addition, the study finds that growing biocapacity affects ecological footprints negatively. Furthermore, an increase in tourism-related activities, globalization, and economic production has the potential to damage the quality of the environment. To this end, given the study results, there is a need to pursue green tourism which can reduce environmental degradation and destruction of land caused by multiple tourism-related transportation and construction of tourist facilities respectively in the top ten tourist destination countries.

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Data availability

The data for this present study are sourced from the World Development Indicators (https://data.worldbank.org/). The current data specific data can be made available upon request but all available and downloadable at the earlier mentioned database and weblink.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computing and Informatics, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK

    Festus Fatai Adedoyin

  2. Department of Tourism Guidance, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Uju Violet Alola

  3. Economics and Management, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia

    Uju Violet Alola

  4. Department of International Logistics and Transportation, Faculty of Economics Administrative and Social Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Festus Victor Bekun

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  1. Festus Fatai Adedoyin
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  2. Uju Violet Alola
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  3. Festus Victor Bekun
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Contributions

The first authors Dr. Festus Fatai Adedoyin were responsible for the conceptual construction of the study’s idea and also handled the literature section while the third authors Asst. Prof. Dr. Uju Violet Alola managed the data gathering and preliminary analysis, and Dr. Festus Victor Bekun was responsible for proofreading and manuscript editing.

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Correspondence to Festus Victor Bekun.

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Appendix 1. Summary of literature

Table 9 A summary of selected literature on Biocapacity, globalization, tourism, GDP and EF in top destinations
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Table 10

Table 10 A summary of selected literature on globalization and environmental sustainability
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Adedoyin, F.F., Alola, U.V. & Bekun, F.V. On the nexus between globalization, tourism, economic growth, and biocapacity: evidence from top tourism destinations. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 24995–25005 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17651-8

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