Abstract
The motivation of this fundamental research is to reveal the response of ecosystem services to land use change and to support the sustainable development of ecology, economy, and society. Considering the fragile eco-environment, intensive man-land relationship and the world-famous production base of Moutai liquor in China, we select Chishui River Basin (CRB) as the research region. In this study, the InVEST model is used to evaluate the impact of land use change on the spatial pattern of four ecosystem services including water yield, soil retention, carbon storage, and nitrogen export. Meanwhile, the spatial differentiation characteristics, service level, and trade-off using Pearson correlation analysis of each ecosystem service from 2000 to 2020 are explored. The results show the following: (1) The forest increased, while the grassland and cultivated decreased. Especially, the developed has increased greatly from \({32.48}\) to \({207.14\mathrm{ km}}^{2}\). (2) Each ecosystem service has spatio-temporal heterogeneity. The water yield and nitrogen export decreased, while soil retention and carbon storage showed an upward trend. (3) There are great differences in the level of ecosystem services among different land use types. The soil retention and carbon storage of forest are the highest, and the water yield of developed is the highest. (4) There are trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services, such as the trade-off between water yield and soil retention is increasing, the synergetic relationship between water yield and nitrogen export is decreased. This is important evidence that the forest plays a major role in providing ecosystem services, and the improvement of watershed ecological services generally benefits from the implementation of ecological governance projects in recent years. However, it is worth noting that the frequent changes in land use and the intensification of urbanization have also brought potential risks to the local ecology. Therefore, all our preliminary results throw light on the nature of the impact of land use change on ecology and the trade-off relationship of ecosystem services, which is conducive to scientific protection of watershed ecological environment and the formulation of reasonable land use planning policies.
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Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Funding
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project no. 72074002), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. B200203167) and Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. KYCX20_0509).
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Rui Luo: writing—original draft preparation, writing—review and editing, data curation. Shiliang Yang: writing—original draft preparation, writing—review and editing, data curation. Zhiying Wang: conceptualization, writing—review and editing, methodology, software. Tianming Zhang: investigation, validation. Pengqun Gao: data curation.
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Luo, R., Yang, S., Wang, Z. et al. Impact and trade off analysis of land use change on spatial pattern of ecosystem services in Chishui River Basin. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 20234–20248 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17188-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17188-w