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Production and characterization of bamboo-based activated carbon through single-step H3PO4 activation for CO2 capture

  • Pollution Prevention and Sustainability
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Abstract

Bamboo is the fastest-growing plant and is abundant in Malaysia. It is employed as a starting material for activated carbon production and evaluated for its potential in CO2 capture. A single-stage phosphoric acid (H3PO4) activation is adopted by varying the concentrations of H3PO4 between 50 and 70 wt.% at a constant temperature and holding time of 500°C and 120 min, respectively. The bamboo-based activated carbons are characterized in terms of product yield, surface area, and porosity, as well as surface chemistry properties. Referring to the experimental findings, the prepared activated carbons have BET surface area of >1000 m2 g-1, which implies the effectiveness of the single-stage H3PO4 activation. Furthermore, the prepared activated carbon via 50 wt.% H3PO4 activation shows the highest BET surface area and carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption capacity of 1.45 mmol g-1 at 25°C/1 bar and 9.0 mmol g-1 at 25°C/30 bar. With respect to both the characterization analysis and CO2 adsorption performance, it is concluded that bamboo waste conversion to activated carbon through H3PO4 activation method is indeed promising.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for providing the support and Higher Institution of Center of Excellence (HICoE) status to the Center of Biofuel and Biochemical, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS.

Availability of data and materials

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

Funding

This work has been funded by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (grant no. 015MA0-052).

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Author notes

  1. Intan Syafiqah Ismail and Nor Adilla Rashidi contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering Department, National Higher Institution Centre of Excellence - Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Intan Syafiqah Ismail, Nor Adilla Rashidi & Suzana Yusup

Authors
  1. Intan Syafiqah Ismail
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  2. Nor Adilla Rashidi
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  3. Suzana Yusup
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Contributions

ISI wrote the initial manuscript, methodology, data searching, data collection, and analysis. NAR constructed the final version of the manuscript, visualization, data collection and analysis, and verification of data. SY was involved in conceptualization, reviewing, editing, and correction. All the authors have revised and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Suzana Yusup.

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Ismail, I.S., Rashidi, N.A. & Yusup, S. Production and characterization of bamboo-based activated carbon through single-step H3PO4 activation for CO2 capture. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 12434–12440 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15030-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15030-x

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