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Towards a rational design of materials for the removal of environmentally relevant cations: polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) and surface-modified PIMs for Sn2+ sequestration in aqueous solution

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Abstract

This work is focused on the design and preparation of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) for potential applications for stannous cation sequestration from water. For this purpose, the membranes have been synthesized employing two polymeric matrices, namely, polyvinylchloride (PVC) and cellulose triacetate (CTA), properly enriched with different plasticizers. The novelty here proposed relies on the modification of the cited PIMs by selected extractants expected to interact with the target cation in the membrane bulk or onto its surface, as well as in the evaluation of their performances in the sequestration of tin(II) in solution through chemometric tools. The composition of both the membrane and the solution for each trial was selected by means of a D-Optimal Experimental Design. The samples such prepared were characterized by means of TG-DTA, DSC, and static contact angles investigations; their mechanical properties were studied in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus, whereas their morphology was checked by SEM. The sequestering ability of the PIMs toward stannous cation was studied by means of kinetic and isotherm experiments using DP-ASV. The presence of tin in the membranes after the sequestration tests was ascertained by μ-ED-XRF mapping on selected samples.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].

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Funding

This work has been financially supported by the University of Messina (Research&Mobility2017 Project cod. 009041), the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) (PHETRUM Project cod. CTQ2017-82761-P), the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), and the Italian National Research Council (CNR).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy

    Gabriele Lando, Concetta De Stefano, Clemente Bretti & Paola Cardiano

  2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48080, Bilbao, Spain

    Olivia Gomez-Laserna

  3. Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, 98166, Messina, Italy

    Edoardo Proverbio & Daniela Iannazzo

  4. National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, INSTM, Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy

    Amani Khaskhoussi

  5. Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, O.U. Palermo, c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy

    Maria Rosaria Plutino

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  1. Gabriele Lando
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  2. Olivia Gomez-Laserna
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  7. Concetta De Stefano
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  8. Clemente Bretti
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Contributions

Gabriele Lando: conceptualization, methodology, writing - reviewing and editing, formal analysis, software, data curation; Olivia Gomez-Laserna: funding acquisition, methodology, writing - reviewing and editing, formal analysis, data curation; Edoardo Proverbio: data curation, writing - reviewing and editing, formal analysis; Amani Khaskhoussi: methodology, investigation, data curation; Daniela Iannazzo: data curation, formal analysis; Maria Rosaria Plutino: methodology, funding acquisition, investigation; Concetta De Stefano: conceptualization, methodology, software, supervision, funding acquisition, resources; Clemente Bretti: conceptualization, validation, investigation, writing - original draft preparation; Paola Cardiano: conceptualization, writing - reviewing and editing, writing - original draft preparation, supervision, methodology, project administration, resources, visualization.

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Correspondence to Gabriele Lando.

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Lando, G., Gomez-Laserna, O., Proverbio, E. et al. Towards a rational design of materials for the removal of environmentally relevant cations: polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) and surface-modified PIMs for Sn2+ sequestration in aqueous solution. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 51072–51087 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14328-0

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