Abstract
This work explored the use of porous carbon (PC) materials converted from waste lignin as raw materials for the removal of chloramphenicol (CAP) in water. The PC with controllable pores was prepared through a facile, cost-effective one-step method. The physical and chemical properties of the material were characterized by BET, SEM, FT-IR, and XRD, and the best conditions for preparation were selected based on the results of adsorption experiments. The PC, which was prepared at reaction temperature of 800 °C and the K2CO3/sodium lignosulfonate mass ratio of 4, namely PC-800-4, had a high specific surface area (1305.5 m2 g−1) and pore volume (0.758 cm3 g−1). At a lower initial concentration of CAP (C0 = 120 mg L−1), the maximum adsorption capacity of this adsorbent was 534.0 mg g−1 at 303 K. In addition, PC-800-4 maintained good adsorption performance in a wide pH range and strongly resisted the interference of ions and humic acid. The results showed that the adsorption removal CAP was based on physical adsorption and chemical adsorption as a process supplement. The advantages of wide sources, high efficiency and speed, wide application, and rich oxygen-containing functional groups made the adsorbent have great application potential for removal chloramphenicol from water.
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Data availability
The dataset used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Funding
This work was supported by the National Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2017M610618), Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project of Shaanxi Province (No. 2017BSHEDZZ64), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Chang’ an University (No. 300102290104).
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Conception and design of the research: Jiaju Pang and Xiao Wei. Acquisition of data: Aixia Chen, Bei Chen, Jiaju Pang, and Yaping Xie. Analysis and interpretation of the data: Jiaju Pang and Xiao Wei. Writing of the manuscript: Jiaju Pang and Aixia Chen. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Aixia Chen and Jiaju Pang. AC and JP contributed equally to this work.
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Highlights
Porous carbon can be quickly prepared by one-step method.
PC-800-4 had a high specific surface area (1305.5 m2 g−1) and pore volume (0.758 cm3 g−1).
PC-800-4 had ultrahigh adsorption capacity of 534.0 mg g−1 for chloramphenicol at 303 k.
The strong anti-interference ability and high adsorption capacity made PC-800-4 have huge application potential.
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Chen, A., Pang, J., Wei, X. et al. Fast one-step preparation of porous carbon with hierarchical oxygen-enriched structure from waste lignin for chloramphenicol removal. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 27398–27410 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12640-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12640-3