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Atmospheric CO2 consumption by rock weathering over a five year period in a large non-perennial tropical river basin of southern India

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Abstract

Rivers engage in carbon cycle by transporting the dissolved products of weathering of rocks to the oceans, and this process is sensitive to the global climatic changes. The present study was carried out with an objective of estimating the spatial and temporal variation in carbon consumption due to rock weathering in Cauvery, which is a major non-perennial tropical river in the peninsular India. The samples of all the rock types of this river basin were collected and subjected to mineralogical analysis. The water samples from this river were collected three times a year from 2013 to 2017 at 28 locations and were analysed for pH, EC and major ions. The spatiotemporal variations in the chemistry of river water were used to understand the amount of carbon dioxide consumed by rock weathering. The contribution of weathering to dissolved load of the river was higher followed by the contribution of anthropogenic activities and rainfall. The contribution of silicate weathering is dominant during the high river flow, whereas during low flow time periods, the contribution of carbonate weathering is on par with silicate weathering. The carbon consumption due to weathering in the Cauvery river was higher when the flow was significant, and it was lower during summer months. It is also evident that the carbon consumption is high in the upper and middle regions of the basin due to the weathering of gneissic and granodiorite rocks. Thus, the carbon consumption and flux in this basin are dynamic, both spatially and temporally. The east flowing rivers draining through the peninsular India, which is mostly composed of massive rocks, also functions as carbon sink, thus benefitting the environment by reducing the excess CO2 in the atmosphere.

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The data and other material used for this study are available and will not be shared to third party for any purpose without written approval and necessary instructions from the funding agency.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Mr Phrangbor Syiem, Dr Gopalakrishnan N. and Mr Dhanamadavan S. for their assistance in sample collection and analyses during the initial stages of this work.

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Financial support for this work was provided the National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation (Grant no. ISRO/IGBP/NCP/NRSC/Project funds/10-2012(2)).

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  1. Department of Geology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India

    Ramesh RamyaPriya & Lakshmanan Elango

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This paper is a part of RR’s PhD research. RR was involved in collection of samples, analysis and interpretation of results, and LE was involved in conceptualization of the work and supervision of the work, and both the authors have contributed in the preparation of manuscript.

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RamyaPriya, R., Elango, L. Atmospheric CO2 consumption by rock weathering over a five year period in a large non-perennial tropical river basin of southern India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 26461–26478 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12257-y

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