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Cardiac toxicity of heavy metals (cadmium and mercury) and pharmacological intervention by vitamin C in rabbits

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Abstract

Mercury and cadmium are highly dangerous metals that can lead to disastrous effects in animals and humans. The aim of the current research was to elucidate the poisonous effects of mercuric chloride and cadmium chloride individually and in combination on biochemical profiles of plasma and their accumulation in heart. The therapeutic effect of vitamin C against these metals in rabbits was also studied. Mercuric chloride (1.2 μg/g), cadmium chloride (1.5 μg/g), and vitamin C (150 μg/g of body weight) were orally given to treatment groups of the rabbits (1—control; 2—vitamin; 3—CdCl2; 4—HgCl2; 5—vitamin + CdCl2; 6—vitamin + HgCl2; 7—CdCl2 + HgCl2, and 8—vitamin + CdCl2 + HgCl2. After the biometric determination of all intoxicated rabbits, biochemical parameters, viz low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), cholesterol, creatine kinase, and troponin T (TnT) were analyzed using available kits. Levels of cholesterol (0.7 ± 0.1 mmol/l), creatine kinase (2985.2 ± 11 IU/L), LDL (20.35 ± 1.31 mg/dl), and troponin T (1.22 ± 0.03 μg/l) were significantly (P < 0.05) increased. HDL (84.78 ± 4.30 mg/dl) was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased, while supplementation of vitamin C decreased the adverse effects of CdCl2 and HgCl2 on biochemical parameters in all metal-exposed groups. A similar trend was also seen in rabbits treated with CdCl2 + vitamin and vitamin + CdCl2 + HgCl2. Accumulation of Cd and Hg was higher in heart tissues. This study, therefore, provides awareness on the cardiac toxicity of mercury and cadmium chlorides in the rabbits and the possible protective role of vitamin C against the perturbations induced by metals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Shaukat Ali, Shumaila Mumtaz & Hafiz Muhammad Tahir

  2. Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

    Zubia Awan, Muhammad Siddique Awan & Muhammad Adeeb Khan

  3. Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Hafiz Abdullah Shakir

  4. Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Farooq Ahmad

  5. Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PK-46300, Pakistan

    Mazhar Ulhaq

  6. Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Saima Sharif

  7. Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan

    Muhammad Irfan

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  1. Shaukat Ali
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Ali, S., Awan, Z., Mumtaz, S. et al. Cardiac toxicity of heavy metals (cadmium and mercury) and pharmacological intervention by vitamin C in rabbits. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 29266–29279 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09011-9

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