Abstract
Itol A, an isoryanodane diterpene derived from Itoa orientalis Hemsl. (Flacourtiaceae), is a potential plant-based insecticide. However, the effect of itol A on the tobacco cutworm [Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)], an important and widely distributed insect pest, remains unclear. In this study, the toxicity and inhibitory potency of itol A on S. litura were evaluated. The results indicated that itol A exhibited larvicidal activity against the third instar larvae in a concentration-dependent manner (LC50 875.48 mg/L at 96 h). Antifeedant activity also was observed, and the 24-h AFC50 values were 562.05 and 81.47 mg/L in the no-choice and choice experiments, respectively. The insect growth was inhibited after treatment of itol A, as reflected by long developmental periods, low-quality pupae, and various abnormalities. Itol A exerted ovicidal effect on S. litura, with an estimated LC50 of 759.30 mg/L. Itol A deterred oviposition in the choice experiment (ODI50 909.60 mg/L). Besides, the activities of α-amylase, general protease, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) were inhibited after itol A treatment over time compared to controls, which may be a relevant mechanism underlying the toxicity of itol A toward S. litura. However, the activities of lipase, carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) were increased. Taken together, these results suggest that itol A could be a good botanical pesticide to reduce the population of S. litura in integrated pest management programs.
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Funding
This work was generously supported by Key project of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation [No. 2017GXNSFDA198049] and grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 31660529].
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Si-Quan Ling and Dong-Qiang Zeng conceived, designed, and performed the experiments, Wen-Wei Tang gives the direction of research and reviewed the manuscript, and Bo He helps in analyzing the manuscript.
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Ling, SQ., He, B., Zeng, DQ. et al. Effects of botanical pesticide itol A against the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.). Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 12181–12191 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07824-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07824-2