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Drawing the baseline of trace element levels in the vulnerable Mediterranean osprey Pandion haliaetus: variations by breeding location, habitats, and egg components

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Abstract

Due to its peculiarity to accumulate environmental contaminants, the osprey Pandion haliaetus is a sentinel species for the biomonitoring of contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. Despite this, no information on trace element concentration exists for the Mediterranean area, where relict and vulnerable osprey populations exist. We evaluated the geographical patterns of heavy metals and selenium in osprey eggs from three different populations of the Mediterranean basin (Balearic Islands, Corsica, and Tuscany), to identify any possible contaminant sources. Pattern of metal concentration followed the order: Fe > Zn > Cu > Se > Hg > Pb > Cd. Differences in contaminant concentrations between habitats and among egg components were found. Egg content and inner membrane showed higher mercury levels (1.06 ± 0.89 and 0.67 ± 0.62 mg/kg dw, respectively) than those recorded in the eggshell. Mercury concentration was ca. two times higher in marine than in wetland samples, and even higher (3.6 times) when referred to the eggshell. Cu, Fe, Zn, and Se had higher concentration in the inner membrane. We stress how the choice of the biological material can have significant implications for the correct evaluation of contamination. Our study represents a first regional scale survey for the vulnerable Mediterranean osprey populations and provides baseline data for their long-term biomonitoring.

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Acknowledgments

The Tuscan Archipelago National Park (Italy) financially supported this research. We are also grateful to the Maremma Regional Park Agency (IT), Parc Naturel Régional de Corse (FR), and to the Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Territorio (Govern Illes Balears - SP). For their invaluable support in fieldwork activities and in providing samples, the authors thank Rafel Triay Bagur and Antoni Muñoz Navarro (Balearic Islands), Jean Marie Dominici (Corsica) and Giampiero Sammuri, Vincenzo Rizzo Pinna, Francesco Pezzo, Guido Alari, and Alessandro Troisi (Tuscany). Giacomo Mariotti for his contribution to preparative processes and analytical determinations. Charles J. Henny greatly helped with comments and suggestions on a first draft of this article.

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  1. Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli, 4, 53100, Siena, Italy

    Flavio Monti, Nicola Bianchi, Claudio Leonzio & Stefania Ancora

  2. Maremma Natural History Museum, Strada Corsini 5, 58100, Grosseto, Italy

    Andrea Sforzi

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  1. Flavio Monti
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Correspondence to Flavio Monti.

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Monti, F., Bianchi, N., Sforzi, A. et al. Drawing the baseline of trace element levels in the vulnerable Mediterranean osprey Pandion haliaetus: variations by breeding location, habitats, and egg components. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 10236–10248 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07591-9

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