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Origins and discrimination between local and regional atmospheric pollution in Haiphong (Vietnam), based on metal(loid) concentrations and lead isotopic ratios in PM10

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Abstract

Southeast Asia is a hotspot of anthropogenic emissions where episodes of recurrent and prolonged atmospheric pollution can lead to the formation of large haze events, giving rise to wide plumes which spread over adjacent oceans and neighbouring countries. Trace metal concentrations and Pb isotopic ratios in atmospheric particulate matter < 10 μm (PM10) were used to track the origins and the transport pathways of atmospheric pollutants. This approach was used for fortnightly PM10 collections over a complete annual cycle in Haiphong, northern Vietnam. Distinct seasonal patterns were observed for the trace metal concentration in PM10, with a maximum during the Northeast (NE) monsoon and a minimum during the Southeast (SE) monsoon. Some elements (As, Cd, Mn) were found in excess according to the World Health Organization guidelines. Coal combustion was highlighted with enrichment factors of As, Cd, Se, and Sb, but these inputs were outdistanced by other anthropogenic activities. V/Ni and Cu/Sb ratios were found to be markers of oil combustion, while Pb/Cd and Zn/Pb ratios were found to be markers of industrial activities. Pb isotopic composition in PM10 revealed an important contribution of soil dusts (45–60%). In PM10, the Pb fraction due to oil combustion was correlated with dominant airflow pathways (31% during the north-easterlies and 20% during the south-easterlies), and the Pb fraction resulting from industrial emissions was stable (around 28%) throughout the year. During the SE monsoon, Pb inputs were mainly attributed to resuspension of local soil dusts (about 90%), and during the NE monsoon, the increase of Pb inPM10 was due to the mixing of local and regional inputs.

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Funding

This work was supported by the French national programme EC2CO-Biohefect/Ecodyn/Dril/Microbien (Project SOOT), the French-Vietnamese Hubert Curien Partnership (contract no. 23971TK), and the Vietnamese Ministry of Science and Technology (contract no. 46/2012/HD-NDT). The project leading to this publication has received funding from European FEDER Fund under project 1166-39417.

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  1. CNRS, IRD, MIO UM110, Aix Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, 13288, Marseille, France

    Sandrine Chifflet, Aurélie Dufour & Xavier Mari

  2. CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR, Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l’environnement et les matériaux, UMR5264, 64000, Pau, France

    David Amouroux, Sylvain Bérail, Julien Barre & Oriol Baltrons

  3. Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Danang, Haiphong, 246, Vietnam

    Thuoc Chu Van

  4. IRD, UMR 5119 ECOSYM, Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France

    Justine Brune

  5. Laboratoire d’Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 14 avenue Edouard-Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France

    Benjamin Guinot

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  1. Sandrine Chifflet
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Correspondence to Sandrine Chifflet.

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Chifflet, S., Amouroux, D., Bérail, S. et al. Origins and discrimination between local and regional atmospheric pollution in Haiphong (Vietnam), based on metal(loid) concentrations and lead isotopic ratios in PM10. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 26653–26668 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2722-7

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