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Seasonal variations and relationships between environmental parameters and heavy metal concentrations in tissues of Crassostrea species and in its ambience from the tropical estuaries

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between physicochemical parameters and heavy metal (Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd) concentrations from sediment, seawater, and its accumulation in tissues of oyster species (Crassostrea madrasensis and C. gryphoides) from the three sites (Chicalim Bay (CB), Nerul Creek (NC), Chapora Bay (ChB)) along the Goa coast (India). Results showed enrichment of Cu and Ni in sediment exceeding the effect range low (ERL) level. The higher concentrations of Cu and Ni in sediments and in suspended particulate matter (SPM) from all the study sites are indicative of severe contamination of estuarine and associated habitats. Moreover, particulate Ni (at all the sites), Cu (at NC and ChB), Pb (at NC), and Cd (at CB and NC) concentrations were recorded more than its total loadings in surface sediment. Concentration of Cu and Cd in oyster tissue was several folds higher than its concentration in ambience. Further, this study showed that the levels of metal in oysters and their ambient environment were higher during the monsoon season. Hence, the consumption of oysters needs to be considered carefully with respect to the health hazards posed by the elevated levels of metal contaminants in certain seasons. The present study concludes that metals associated with the particulate matter in water column are the main source of metal accumulation in oyster. It is also suggested that concentration of metal pollutants in coastal and estuarine water bodies should be monitored regularly to ensure the acceptable limits of metal concentrations.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to S.W.A. Naqvi, Former Director, CSIR-NIO for his encouragement and providing all facilities to carry out this work. Authors are also grateful to the Dr. B. N. Nath, Dr. J. N. Pattan, Mr. D. Ray, and Dr. A. Ram (RC-NIO, Mumbai) for providing the chemicals and lab facilities for sample analysis. The first author would like to acknowledge CSIR, New Delhi, for providing the fellowship to carry out the Ph.D. research. This is NIO contribution no. 6219.

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  1. Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India

    Prachi Shenai-Tirodkar, Mangesh Gauns & Zakir Ansari

  2. Department of Zoology, DAV University, Pathankot, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144012, India

    Girish Kumar

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  1. Prachi Shenai-Tirodkar
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Correspondence to Prachi Shenai-Tirodkar.

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Shenai-Tirodkar, P., Gauns, M., Kumar, G. et al. Seasonal variations and relationships between environmental parameters and heavy metal concentrations in tissues of Crassostrea species and in its ambience from the tropical estuaries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 20930–20945 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2258-x

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