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Analysis of the adsorption and retention models for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn through neural networks: selection of variables and competitive model

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Abstract

In this study, the neural networks are used to predict and explain the behavior of different edaphological variables in the adsorption and retention of heavy metals, both isolated and competing. A comparison with the results obtained using multiple regression, stepwise analysis, and regression trees is performed. In the neural network technique, CEC amorphous and crystallized oxides and kaolinite in the clay fraction are the most selected variables for making the optimal models, while mica and, to a lesser extent, plagioclase, are the next variables selected. Additionally, a competitive model has been considered, using simultaneously different metals. In the competitive model, the model predicts a more intense competence between Pb and Ni for the adsorption process and between Cr and Ni for the retention process.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the other members of the soil quality team, and especially its director, María Luisa Andrade, for the usefulness of their insights on the approaches regarding this issue at the meetings that preceded this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain

    Juan J. González-Costa, Manuel J. Reigosa-Roger & Emma Fernández-Covelo

  2. Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain

    José M. Matías

Authors
  1. Juan J. González-Costa
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  2. Manuel J. Reigosa-Roger
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  3. José M. Matías
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  4. Emma Fernández-Covelo
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Correspondence to Manuel J. Reigosa-Roger.

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Responsible editor: Guilherme L. Dotto

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González-Costa, J.J., Reigosa-Roger, M.J., Matías, J.M. et al. Analysis of the adsorption and retention models for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn through neural networks: selection of variables and competitive model. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 25551–25564 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2101-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2101-4

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