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Levels of urinary metabolites of four PAHs and cotinine determined in 1016 volunteers living in Central Italy

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Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are products of the incomplete combustion of organic materials, and exposure of the general population to PAH is ubiquitous. They are also present in tobacco smoke. Some PAH are classified as carcinogens. Urine samples from 747 non-smoking and 269 smoking subjects living in the same area of Central Italy were analyzed in order to determine reference values for PAHs exposure of a general population. The concentration of cotinine, urinary metabolite of nicotine was also measured in these samples in order to classify the subjects as smokers or not. The median concentration and 50th percentile in females was higher than in males for all metabolites; 1- and 2-hydroxynaphtalene (1-OHNAP and 2-OHNAP) and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPy), are significantly higher in smokers; on the other side 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-OHBaPy) and 6-hydroxynitropyrene (6-OHNPy) do not correlate with the cotinine concentration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Research Area of Monte Porzio Catone (RM), INAIL Research, Via di Fontana Candida 1, 00040 Monteporzio Catone, Rome, Italy

    Francesca Tombolini, Daniela Pigini, Giovanna Tranfo & Enrico Paci

  2. Master Degree Course in Analytical Chemistry, Rome University Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Ilaria Carosi

  3. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Rome University Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Federico Marini

  4. Department of Epidemiology (RM), Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy

    Lisa Bauleo, Carla Ancona & Francesco Forastiere

Authors
  1. Francesca Tombolini
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  2. Daniela Pigini
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  3. Giovanna Tranfo
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  4. Enrico Paci
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  5. Ilaria Carosi
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  6. Federico Marini
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  7. Lisa Bauleo
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  8. Carla Ancona
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  9. Francesco Forastiere
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Correspondence to Giovanna Tranfo.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Tombolini, F., Pigini, D., Tranfo, G. et al. Levels of urinary metabolites of four PAHs and cotinine determined in 1016 volunteers living in Central Italy. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 28772–28779 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1650-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1650-x

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