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Congenital malformations according to etiology in newborns from the floricultural zone of Mexico state

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Abstract

Birth defects are the number one cause of child mortality worldwide and in 2010 it was the second cause in Mexico. Congenital malformations are a public health issue, because they cause infant mortality, chronic disease and disability. The origin can be genetic, environmental or unknown causes. Among environmental contaminants, pesticides stand out. In this study, we determine the frequency and etiology of congenital malformations in newborns (NBs) of a floricultural community and we compare it with that in the urban community. For 18 months, the NBs were monitored at the Tenancingo General Hospital and the Mother and Child Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital (IMIEM) in Toluca. The identification of these malformations was carried out in accordance with the WHO. In Tenancingo, 1149 NBs were viewed, where 20% had some kind of congenital malformations. While in the IMIEM, 5069 were reviewed and 6% had some malformation. According to the etiology, in Tenancingo, 69% were multifactorial, 28% were monogenetic and 2% were chromosomal. In the IMIEM, 47% were multifactorial, then 18.3% were monogenetic and 2.8% were chromosomal. There was a significant difference between the global frequency of malformations and the multifactorial etiology of both institutions. Our results show that congenital malformations in the NBs occurred more frequently in the floricultural zone and that because the percentage of multifactorial etiology is higher, it is likely there is an association with exposure to pesticides.

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Acknowledgements

Our appreciation goes out to the authorities at the Tenancingo General Hospital and the IMIEM for the authorization to complete this study, to Dr. Gabriela Ortiz de Zarate for examining the malformed newborns and training students, to the students of chemist Eduardo Soteno Sánchez, Adriana González Arellano, Adriana Pérez Mora, Ana Lilia Arizmendi, María Magdalena Villanueva Moreno, and Iván Torres Gutiérrez for their participation in reviewing and establishing the etiology of the newborn malformations, and to Dr. Eduardo Ramírez San Juan for his support in the statistical analysis. This project is registered with UAEMex number 4112/2016SF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Jesús Carranza No.205, Col. Universidad, C.P. 50130, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico

    Julieta Castillo-Cadena, Fernando Mejia-Sanchez & Jerónimo Amado López-Arriaga

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  1. Julieta Castillo-Cadena
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  2. Fernando Mejia-Sanchez
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  3. Jerónimo Amado López-Arriaga
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Correspondence to Julieta Castillo-Cadena.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Castillo-Cadena, J., Mejia-Sanchez, F. & López-Arriaga, J.A. Congenital malformations according to etiology in newborns from the floricultural zone of Mexico state. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 7662–7667 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8429-3

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