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Measurement of p-nitrophenyl acetate esterase activity (EA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in gills and digestive gland of Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to binary mixtures of Pb, Cd and Cu

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Abstract

The aims of the present work were (1) to evaluate oxidative stress biomarkers and AChE in two tissues of wild mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) of high biochemical activity and accumulation capacity (gills and digestive gland) and (2) to study the behaviour of these biomarkers in presence of heavy metals. For this, EA, TOS, TAC and AChE were measured in tissues of mussels exposed to binary combination of Pb, Cd and Cu. Mussels (n = 36) were exposed to one of the binary mixtures of Pb (1000 μg L−1), Cd (100 μg L−1) and Cu (100 μg L−1) for 7 days, under controlled conditions. Gills and digestive gland were extracted and frozen at −80 °C until analysis. The automatic methods employed for the measurement of EA, TAC, TOS and AChE in M. galloprovincialis revealed higher levels of these biomarkers in digestive gland than gills. Study results suggest that gills would be the tissue of election for study oxidative stress markers, whereas digestive tissue should be selected for AChE measurements in case of evaluation of combined metal toxicity in mussels.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support was provided by the Program ‘Beca de Inicio a la Investigación’ of ‘Universidad de Murcia’, Spain, through a predoctoral grant and by the Program ‘Juan de la Cierva’ of ‘Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad’, Spain, through a postdoctoral grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Area of Toxicology, Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    Lorena Franco-Martinez, Diego Romero & José A. García-Navarro

  2. Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    Fernando Tecles

  3. Departament de Biologia Cel•lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Campus d’excel lència “UAB-CEI”, Bellaterra, E-08193, Barcelona, Spain

    Mariana Teles

  4. Departament de Medicina i Cirugia Animals, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Campus d’excel·lència “UAB-CEI”, Bellaterra, E-08193, Barcelona, Spain

    Asta Tvarijonaviciute

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  1. Lorena Franco-Martinez
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  2. Diego Romero
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  3. José A. García-Navarro
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  4. Fernando Tecles
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  6. Asta Tvarijonaviciute
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Correspondence to Asta Tvarijonaviciute.

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Franco-Martinez, L., Romero, D., García-Navarro, J.A. et al. Measurement of p-nitrophenyl acetate esterase activity (EA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in gills and digestive gland of Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to binary mixtures of Pb, Cd and Cu. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 25385–25392 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7677-y

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