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Pathways of reductive degradation of crystal violet in wastewater using free-strain Burkholderia vietnamiensis C09V

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Abstract

A new strain isolated from activated sludge and identified as Burkholderia vietnamiensis C09V was used to biodegrade crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solution. To understand the degradation pathways of CV, batch experiments showed that the degradation using B. vietnamiensis C09V significantly depended on conditions such as pH, initial dye concentration and media components, carbon and nitrogen sources. Acceleration in the biodegradation of CV was observed in presence of metal ions such as Cd and Mn. More than 98.86C of CV (30 mg l−1) was degraded within 42 h at pH 5 and 30 °C. The biodegradation kinetics of CV corresponded to the pseudo first-order rate model with a rate constant of 0.046 h−1. UV–visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to identify degradation metabolites. Which further confirmed by LC-MS analysis, indicating that CV was biodegraded to N,N-dimethylaminophenol and Michler’s ketone prior to these intermediates being further degraded. Finally, the ability of B. vietnamiensis C09V to remove CV in wastewater was demonstrated.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Fujian Provincial Development and Reform Commission.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian Province, China

    Li Gan, Ying Cheng & Zuliang Chen

  2. Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia

    Thavamani Palanisami, Zuliang Chen, Mallavarapu Megharaj & Ravendra Naidu

  3. Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environments, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia

    Thavamani Palanisami, Zuliang Chen, Mallavarapu Megharaj & Ravendra Naidu

Authors
  1. Li Gan
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  2. Ying Cheng
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  3. Thavamani Palanisami
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  4. Zuliang Chen
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  5. Mallavarapu Megharaj
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  6. Ravendra Naidu
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Correspondence to Zuliang Chen.

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Responsible editor: Robert Duran

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Gan, L., Cheng, Y., Palanisami, T. et al. Pathways of reductive degradation of crystal violet in wastewater using free-strain Burkholderia vietnamiensis C09V. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 10339–10348 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3037-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3037-y

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