Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

High-Precision Digital Image Correlation for Investigation of Fluid-Structure Interactions in a Shock Tube

  • Research paper
  • Published:
Experimental Mechanics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background: Structural response measurements are challenging in aerodynamic testing environments due to high-speed requirements, facility vibrations, and the desire for non-intrusive measurements. Objective: This study uses stereo digital image correlation (DIC) to investigate the response of a jointed beam under aerodynamic loading in a shock tube. Methods: The incident shock subjects the beam to an impulsive frontal load followed by periodic transverse loading from vortex shedding. Several considerations necessary to realize high-precision are addressed: first, a hybrid stereo camera calibration accounted for tangential distortions when imaging through thick windows. Second, a measurement bias from Xenon flash-lamp light sources was identified and removed using laser illumination. Third, facility motion was mitigated by vibration isolation and appropriate signal filtering. Finally, aero-optical distortions from turbulence were removed using a low-order reconstruction. Results: The resulting displacement data has a noise floor of approximately ± 1 μm at 20 kHz sampling rate. The reduction of primary noise sources allows a transient structural response on the order of 10–40 μm to be quantified. The highest vibrations occurred when the vortex shedding frequency matched the beam’s natural frequency. Conclusion: the noise reduction techniques described allow for structural measurements requiring high-precision, non-intrusive displacement data to be performed in aerodynamic environments.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Sarpkaya T (2004) A critical review of the intrinsic nature of vortex-induced vibrations. J. Fluids Struct. 19(4):389–447

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Wagner JL, Casper KM, Beresh SJ, Hunter PS, Spillers RW, Henfling JF (2016) Response of a store with tunable natural frequencies in compressible cavity flow. AIAA J 54(8):2351–2360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. DR. Blackman, DM. Clark, GJ. McNulty and JF. Wilby 1966, "a review of flight and wind tunnel measurements of boundary layer pressure fluctuations and induced structural response," NASA-CR-626

    Google Scholar 

  4. Casper KM, Beresh SJ, Henfling JF, Spillers RW, Hunter PS, Spitzer SM (2018) "hypersonic fluid-structure interactions on a slender cone," AIAA, pp 2018–1825

    Google Scholar 

  5. Currao G, Neely AJ, Buttsworth DR, Choudhury R (2016) Measurement and simulation of hypersonic-fluid-structural interaction on a cantilevered plate in a Mach 6 flow. AIAA, pp 2016–1088

  6. Maestrello L, Linden TLJ (1971) Measurements of the response of a panel excited by shock boundary-layer interaction. J Sound Vib 16(3):385–391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Willems S, Gulhan A, Esser B (2013) Shock induced fluid-structure interaction on a flexible wall in supersonic turbulent flow. In: Progress in Flight Physics, vol 5, pp 285–308

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Perez R, Bartram G, Beberniss T, Wiebe R, Spottswood SM (2017) Calibration of aero-structural reduced order models using full-field experimental measurements. Mech Syst Signal Process 86:49–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Maestrello L (2000) Control of shock loading from a jet in a flexible structure's presence. AIAA J 38(6):972–977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hortensius R, Dutton JC, Elliott GS (2017) Simultaneous Flowfield and Surface-Deflection Measurements of an axisymmetric jet and adjacent surface. AIAA Journal 56(3)

  11. Dowell EH (1970) Panel flutter - a review of the aeroelastic stability of plates and shells. AIAA J 8(3):385–399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Segalman DJ (2005) A four-parameter Iwan model for lap-type joints. J. Appl. Mech. 72:752–760

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Iwan WD (1966) A distributed-element model for hysteresis and its steady-state dynamic response. J Appl Mech 33:893–900

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. De Wit CC, Olsson H, Astrom KJ, Lischinsky P (1995) A new model for control of systems with friction. IEEE Trans Autom Control 40:419–425

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. JL. Wagner, SJ. Beresh, EP. DeMauro, KM. Casper, DR. Guildenbecher, BO. Pruett and P. Farias 2018, “Pulse-burst PIV measurements of transient phenomena in a shock tube,” Exp Fluids

  16. Lynch KP, Wagner JL (2018) time-resolved pulse-burst tomographic PIV of impulsively-started cylinder wakes in a shock tube. AIAA, pp 2018–2038

  17. Spottswood SM, Beberniss TJ, Eason TG, Perez RA, Donbar JM, Ehrhardt DA, Riley ZB (2019) Exploring the response of a thin, flexible panel to shock-turbulent boundary-layer interactions. J Sound Vib 443:74–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Riley ZB, Perez RA, Bartram GW, Spottswood SM, Smarslok BP, Beberniss TJ (2019) Aeothermoelastic experimental design for the AEDC/VKF tunnel C: challenges associated with measuring the response of flexible panels in high-temperature, high-speed wind tunnels. J Sound Vib 441:96–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ogg DR, Rice BE, Peltier SJ, Staines JT, Claucherty SL, Combs CS (2018) Simultaneous stereo digital image correlation and pressure-sensitive paint measurements of a compliant panel in a Mach 2 wind tunnel. AIAA Paper:2018–3869

  20. Wagner JL, Beresh SJ, Kearney SP, Trott WM, Casteaneda JN, Pruett BO, Baer MR (2012) A multiphase shock tube for shock wave interaction with dense particle fields. Exp Fluids 52(6):1507–1517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. H. Mirels and W. Braun 1957, “Nonuniformities in shock-tube flow due to unsteady-boundary-layer action,”

    Google Scholar 

  22. JL. Wagner, EP. DeMauro, KM. Casper, SJ. Beresh, BO. Pruett and KP. Lynch 2018, “Pulse-burst PIV of an impulsively started cylinder in a shock tube for Re > 10^5," Experiments in Fluids, vol. 59, no. 106

  23. Merzkirch W (2012) Flow visualization. Academic Press

  24. KP. Lynch, EM. Jones, AR. Brink, DP. Rohe, RJ. Kuether, JL. Wagner, A. Mathis and D. Quinn 2019 2019, “Response of jointed-structures in a shock tube: simultaneous PSP and DIC with comparison to modeling,” AIAA Paper 2019-3654

  25. EM. C. Jones and MA. Iadicola 2018, "A good practice guide for digital image correlation," International Digital Image Correlation Society

    Google Scholar 

  26. Taira K, Brunton S, Dawson S, Rowley C, Colonius T, McKeon B, Schmidt O, Gordeyev S, Theofilis V, Ukeiley L (2017) Modal analysis of fluid flows: an overview. AIAA J 55(12):4013–4041

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Caroline Winters, Michael Clemenson, and Patrick Barnett are kindly acknowledged for their help with the spectroscopy of the flashlamp sources. For machining of the beam and setup of the test section, the support of Tom Grasser, Paul Farias, and Seth Spitzer is greatly appreciated. The help of Phillip Reu for reviewing the manuscript is also appreciated.

Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525. This paper describes objective technical results and analysis. Any subjective views or opinions that might be expressed in the paper do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government.

Funding

This study was funded by the Sandia Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA

    K. P. Lynch, E. M. C. Jones & J. L. Wagner

Authors
  1. K. P. Lynch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. M. C. Jones
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. L. Wagner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K. P. Lynch.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

(MP4 4831 kb)

ESM 2

(MP4 1199 kb)

ESM 3

(AVI 5292 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lynch, K.P., Jones, E.M.C. & Wagner, J.L. High-Precision Digital Image Correlation for Investigation of Fluid-Structure Interactions in a Shock Tube. Exp Mech 60, 1119–1133 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-020-00610-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-020-00610-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation