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Comorbidities associated with obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective Egyptian study on 244 patients

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of the present study was to assess prevalence of associated comorbidities in a group of patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled 244 consecutive patients diagnosed by polysomnogram with OSAS between October 2010 and January 2015 after being referred to our Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders Unit, Chest Diseases Department, in the Alexandria Main University Hospital.

Results

Of 244 patients, 47% were men, mean age was 56.9 years, and mean apnea–hypopnea index was 43.6 events per hour. Patients were categorized into two groups: group 1 (38%), mild and moderate OSAS, and group 2 (62%), severe, very severe, and extreme OSAS. Comorbidities were present in 91% of patients. The most common comorbidities were obesity, hypertension (HTN), and diabetes mellitus (DM). Prevalence of obesity, HTN, DM, congestive heart failure, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (PE), and hypothyroidism was significantly higher in severity group 2. PE, bronchial asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were significantly higher among men, whereas hypothyroidism was significantly higher among women. During this period of over 4 years, mortality rate was 8%. The majority of deaths occurred at night. Most of the studied patients (60%) either received no treatment or were not adherent to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. None of the patients received surgicaltreatment. The majority (50%) gained access to PAP therapy through donations. Associated hypoventilation was the only significant predictor of PAP adherence. Quality of life was significantly better among PAP adherent patients.

Conclusions

Patients suffering from OSAS have very high prevalence of comorbidities indicating a great burden on the healthcare system. Despite this fact, over 50% of the patients studied did not receive any treatment. Charities were the main portal fortreatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, 26 Mostafa kamel officer buildings, Alexandria, Egypt

    Rania Ahmad Sweed, Salma Hassan, Nashwa Hassan Abd ElWahab & Mahmoud Ibrahim Mahmoud

  2. Department of Public, Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt

    Soha Rashed Aref

Authors
  1. Rania Ahmad Sweed
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  2. Salma Hassan
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  3. Nashwa Hassan Abd ElWahab
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  4. Soha Rashed Aref
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  5. Mahmoud Ibrahim Mahmoud
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rania Ahmad Sweed.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Sweed, R.A., Hassan, S., ElWahab, N.H.A. et al. Comorbidities associated with obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective Egyptian study on 244 patients. Sleep Breath 23, 1079–1085 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-019-01783-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-019-01783-w

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