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HLA-DQB1*06:02 allele frequency and clinic-polysomnographic features in Saudi Arabian patients with narcolepsy

  • Neurology • Original Article
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Abstract

Background

Narcolepsy is an uncommon neurological disorder characterised by irresistible spells of sleep associated with abnormal rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The association between narcolepsy and human leukocyte antigen HLA- DQB1*06:02 has been established elsewhere but remains to be investigated among Saudi Arabian patients with narcolepsy.

Methods

A total of 29 Saudi patients with type I or type 2 narcolepsy comprising of 23 (79%) males and 6 (21%) females with a mean age of 17.2 ± 9.6 years were included in this study. Type 1 or type 2 narcolepsy was diagnosed by full polysomnography followed by a multiple sleep latency test in accordance with International Classifications of Sleep Disorders-3 criteria. HLA typing for DQB1 alleles was performed by polymerase chain reaction and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Differences in clinical and sleep parameters were compared by univariable analyses. HLA-DQB1*06:02 frequency was systematically compared with the published literature.

Results

Type 1 narcolepsy was diagnosed in 19/29 (65.5%) patients, whereas 10/29 (34.5%) patients had type 2 narcolepsy. DQB1*06:02 was present in 25/29 (86.2%) patients; 15/19 (78.9%) narcolepsy type 1 patients and 10/10 (100%) narcolepsy type 2 patients harboured the DQB1*06:02 allele. REM latency was significantly lower in DQB1*06:02-positive patients compared to DQB1*06:02-negative patients (17.6 ± 32.3 min vs. 106.0 ± 86.0 min; p = 0.025). Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores were significantly higher among type 1 than type 2 narcolepsy patients (19.7 ± 3.2 vs 15.3 ± 3.6; p = 0.02).

Conclusions

DQB1*06:02 allele frequencies among Saudi patients with narcolepsy were consistent with previously published data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Saad M. Al Shareef

  2. University Sleep Disorders Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Eiman AlAnbay, Mustafa Alnasser, Aljohara S. Almeneessier & Ahmed S. BaHammam

  3. King Abdullah Scholarship Program, Ministry of Education, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Mujahed A. AlKhathlan

  4. Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Zahid Shakoor & Khalid D. Hamam

  5. Pediatrics Sleep Disorders Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Adel S. Alharbi

  6. Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Aljohara S. Almeneessier

  7. National Plan for Science and Technology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Box 225503, Riyadh, 11324, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed S. BaHammam

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  1. Saad M. Al Shareef
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  2. Eiman AlAnbay
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Correspondence to Ahmed S. BaHammam.

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Al Shareef, S.M., AlAnbay, E., AlKhathlan, M.A. et al. HLA-DQB1*06:02 allele frequency and clinic-polysomnographic features in Saudi Arabian patients with narcolepsy. Sleep Breath 23, 303–309 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-018-1717-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-018-1717-4

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