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Duty Cycle Optimization Using Game Theory Two Master Nodes Cooperative Protocol in WBAN

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Abstract

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) are communication networks of sensors (and/or actuators), which can be placed on, inside, or around the body and represent a new generation of personal area networks. In contrast to the typical wireless sensor networks (WSNs), WBAN sensors are tiny and have limited power supply. Due to irregular human body movement and WBAN sensor distribution, fading can cause a lot of error, which can be determined by measuring the bit error rate (BER). A higher BER requires more power. Therefore, to reduce BER, power consumption (PC) and duty cycle (DC), a game theory-two master nodes-based cooperative protocol (GT-TMNCP) is proposed in this work. DC is enhanced by a further 13% using the proposed GT-TMNCP, leading to a BER reduction 3 times greater when compared to TMNCP, and PC improved by 14%, lower than with the TMNCP, for shadowing at 5 dB, critical index data (IC), IC = 3 and 5, representing maximum critical data. The results also demonstrate that BER is reduced up to 8 times, DC is enhanced by 8%, and PC by 7% for shadowing 9 dB, IC = 7, compared to the QoS optimisation approach and TMNCP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Middle Technical University (MTU) - Electrical Engineering Technical College-Al Doura 10022, Baghdad, Iraq

    Dalal Abdulmohsin Hammood

  2. Advanced Communication Engineering, Centre of Excellence (ACE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia

    Dalal Abdulmohsin Hammood & Hasliza A. Rahim

  3. Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Hasliza A. Rahim & R. Badlishah Ahmad

  4. Department of Computer Technical Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, 54001, Najaf, Iraq

    Ahmed Alkhayyat

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  1. Dalal Abdulmohsin Hammood
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  2. Hasliza A. Rahim
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  3. Ahmed Alkhayyat
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  4. R. Badlishah Ahmad
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Contributions

D. A. H designed the algorithm, performed the studies, analyzed the data, interpreted the results and wrote the manuscript. H. A. R, A. A. and R. B. A supervised D. A. H, gave ideas about performing the studies, validated the method and analysis and edited the manuscript. H. A. R, A. A. and R. B. A edited the layout and the contents of the manuscript including how to present the data.

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Correspondence to Hasliza A. Rahim.

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Hammood, D.A., Rahim, H.A., Alkhayyat, A. et al. Duty Cycle Optimization Using Game Theory Two Master Nodes Cooperative Protocol in WBAN. Wireless Pers Commun 122, 2479–2504 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-09003-z

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