Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

ECRP: an energy-aware cluster-based routing protocol for wireless sensor networks

  • Published:
Wireless Networks Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Energy conservation is the main issue in wireless sensor networks. Many existing clustering protocols have been proposed to balance the energy consumption and maximize the battery lifetime of sensor nodes. However, these protocols suffer from the excessive overhead due to repetitive clustering resulting in high-energy consumption. In this paper, we propose energy-aware cluster-based routing protocol (ECRP) in which not only the cluster head (CH) role rotates based on energy around all cluster members until the end of network functioning to avoid frequent re-clustering, but also it can adapt the network topology change. Further, ECRP introduces a multi-hop routing algorithm so that the energy consumption is minimized and balanced. As well, a fault-tolerant mechanism is proposed to cope up with the failure of CHs and relay nodes. We perform extensive simulations on the proposed protocol using different network scenarios. The simulation results demonstrate the superiority of ECRP compared with recent and relevant existing protocols in terms of main performance metrics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abbasi, A. H., & Younis, M. (2007). A survey on clustering algorithms for wireless sensor networks. Computer Communications, 30(14–15), 2826–2841.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Akkaya, K., & Younis, M. (2005). A survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 3(3), 325–349.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kuila, P., Gupta, S. K., & Jana, P. K. (2013). A novel evolutionary approach for load balanced clustering problem for wireless sensor networks. Swarm and Evolutionary Computation, 12, 48–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bari, A., et al. (2012). Design of fault tolerant wireless sensor networks satisfying survivability and lifetime requirements. Computer Communications, 35(3), 320–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kuila, P., & Jana, P. K. (2012). Energy efficient load-balanced clustering algorithm for wireless sensor network. Procedia Technology, 6, 771–777.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Naeimi, S., Ghafghazi, H., Chow, C. O., & Ishii, H. (2012). A survey on the taxonomy of cluster-based routing protocols for homogeneous wireless sensor networks. Sensors, 12(6), 7350–7409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Haseeb, K., Abu Bakar, K., Abdullah, A. H., Ahmed, A., Darwish, T., & Ullah, F. (2016). A dynamic energy-aware fault tolerant routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Computers and Electrical Engineering, 56, 557–575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Darabkh, K. A., Al-Maaitah, N. J., Jafar, I. F., & Khalifeh, A. F. (2018). EA-CRP: A novel energy-aware clustering and routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 72, 702–718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Darabkh, K. A., El-Yabroudi, M. Z., & El-Mousa, A. H. (2019). BPA-CRP: A balanced power-aware clustering and routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 82, 155–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Heinzelman, W.R., Chandrakasan, A., & Balakrishnan, H. (2000). Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks. In Proceedings of the 33rd annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences (pp. 1-10)

  11. Heinzelman, W. B., Chandrakasan, A. P., & Balakrishnan, H. (2002). An application specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 1(4), 660–670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Al-Baz, A., & El-Sayed, A. (2017). A new algorithm for cluster head selection in LEACH protocol for wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 31(1), 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mazumdar, N., & Om, H. (2017). DUCR: Distributed unequal cluster-based routing algorithm for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 30(18), 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Azharuddin, M., Kuila, P., & Jana, P. K. (2015). Energy efficient fault tolerant clustering and routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 41, 177–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Naranjo, P. G. V., Shojafar, M., Mostafaei, H., et al. (2017). P-SEP: A prolong stable election routing algorithm for energy-limited heterogeneous fog-supported wireless sensor networks. The Journal of Supercomputing, 73(2), 733–755.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Heinzelman, W. B. (2000). Application-specific protocol architectures for wireless networks. Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

  17. Nam, D. H., & Min, H. K. (2007). An energy-efficient clustering using a round-robin method in a wireless sensor network. In Proceedings of the 5th ACIS international conference on software engineering research, management & applications (SERA 2007), Busan, South Korea (pp. 54–60).

  18. Subhashree, V. K., Tharini, C., & Swarna, L. M. (2014). Modified LEACH: A QoS-aware clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks. In 2014 International conference on communication and network technologies (ICCNT) (pp. 119–123).

  19. Zhao, F., Xu, Y., & Li, R. (2012). Improved LEACH routing communication protocol for a wireless sensor network. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 8(12), 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Xu, J., et al. (2010). Distance measurement model based on rssi in WSN. Wireless Sensor Network, 2(8), 606–611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Pahlavan, K., & Levesque, A. H. (2005). Wireless information networks. New York: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  22. Boulis, A. (2011). Castalia user’s manual. NICTA.

  23. Pandya, A., & Mehta, M. (2012). A novel energy efficient routing approach using multipath ring routing and clustering for WSN. In ACM Proceedings of the CUBE international information technology conference (pp. 138–143)

  24. Castalia, https://castalia.forge.nicta.com.au/index.php/en/. Accessed 20 April 2018

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Networks and Systems Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, PB 11201, 50000, Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco

    Noureddine Moussa, Zakaria Hamidi-Alaoui & Abdelbaki El Belrhiti El Alaoui

Authors
  1. Noureddine Moussa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zakaria Hamidi-Alaoui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Abdelbaki El Belrhiti El Alaoui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Noureddine Moussa.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Moussa, N., Hamidi-Alaoui, Z. & El Belrhiti El Alaoui, A. ECRP: an energy-aware cluster-based routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Wireless Netw 26, 2915–2928 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-019-02247-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-019-02247-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation