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Microorganisms as efficient biosystem for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles: current scenario and future possibilities

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Abstract

Nanoparticles, the elementary structures of nanotechnology, are important materials for fundamental studies and variety of applications. The different sizes and shapes of these materials exhibit unique physical and chemical properties than their bulk materials. There is a great interest in obtaining well-dispersed, ultrafine, and uniform nanoparticles to delineate and utilize their distinct properties. Nanoparticle synthesis can be achieved through a wide range of materials utilizing a number of methods including physical, chemical, and biological processes with various precursors from liquids and solids. There is a growing need to prepare environmentally friendly nanoparticles that do not produce toxic wastes in their process synthesis protocol. This kind of synthesis can be achieved by green environment benign processes, which happen to be mostly of a biological nature. Microorganisms are one of the most attractive and simple sources for the synthesis of different types of nanoparticles. This review is an attempt to provide the up-to-date information on current status of nanoparticle synthesis by different types of microorganisms such as fungi, yeast, bacteria, cyanobacteria, actinomycete, and algae. The probable biosynthesis mechanism and conditions for size/shape control are described. Various applications of microbially synthesized nanoparticles are summarized. They include antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, larvicidal, medical imaging, biosensor, and catalytic applications. Finally, limitations and future prospects for specific research are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2012R1A1A2006375 and NRF-2013R1A2A2A01067117).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea

    Bipinchandra K. Salunke, Shailesh S. Sawant & Beom Soo Kim

  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea

    Sang-Ill Lee

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  1. Bipinchandra K. Salunke
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  2. Shailesh S. Sawant
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  3. Sang-Ill Lee
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  4. Beom Soo Kim
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Correspondence to Beom Soo Kim.

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Salunke, B.K., Sawant, S.S., Lee, SI. et al. Microorganisms as efficient biosystem for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles: current scenario and future possibilities. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 32, 88 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-016-2044-1

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