Abstract
While studies on the reduction and management of PM2.5 are currently underway, there is a limitation in not considering the types and effects of the toxic chemicals deposited on PM2.5 based on regional sources’ variations. Therefore, this study was conducted to confirm the necessity of health effects research considering the toxic chemicals deposited on PM2.5 exposure in the study of health effects related to PM2.5 exposure. Over approximately 2 years, we measured the concentrations of PM2.5 and heavy metals in the air during both spring and winter. The study focused on the Ansan/Siheung industrial complex and the Ulsan industrial complex. Based on the measured concentrations, we calculated and compared the health risks with PM2.5 and heavy metal exposure for each industrial complex. The concentration analysis results revealed differences in the concentrations of PM2.5, Ni, Mn, As, and Cr between the two regions. Furthermore, the calculated health risks associated with PM2.5 and heavy metals also showed differences between the regions. In this study, differences in the concentrations of PM2.5 and its chemical components were observed based on the industrial sources and regional characteristics of each industrial complex. These variations were shown to lead to differences in the levels of health impacts. The results emphasize the importance of considering not only PM2.5 but also its chemical components for accurate and efficient health effect assessments.
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The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary information files. Should any raw data files be needed in another format, they are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Source data are provided in this paper.
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Funding
This work was supported by the Monitoring PM2.5 Exposure Characteristics in Environment Health Vulnerable Areas for Fine Dust Health Impact Assessment from the Ministry of Environment (project no. 202301440001) and by the Korean Ministry of Environment through the “Project of Professional Manpower Training for the Safety Management of Chemicals.”
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Conceptualization: C-ML, J-YJ. Data collection and analysis: J-YJ, J-IJ, S-YP, H-WL. Health risk calculation: J-YJ, J-IJ, S-YP, S-WY. Writing—original draft: J-YJ. Project administration: C-ML. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Jung, JY., Park, SY., Jeon, JI. et al. Considering the Chemical Components of Particulate Matter 2.5 for Assessing Its Health Risks to Residents near the Ansan/Siheung and Ulsan Industrial Complexes. Water Air Soil Pollut 235, 99 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-06892-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-06892-1