Abstract
Glyphosate has become the most widely used herbicide in recent decades in Japan and worldwide. As a result, glyphosate was found in abundance in surface waters and concerns have been made on its environmental and health effects. The temporal use of glyphosate-based herbicides in Japan between 1989 and 2019 was examined. Furthermore, glyphosate concentrations in river water around Japan were obtained from the National Institute of Environmental Studies database, and risk evaluations for glyphosate were made using risk quotients and hazard quotients. Annual use of glyphosate-based herbicides in Japan has gradually increased over the last four decades, from 1989 to 2019. During this time span, the largest yearly consumption of glyphosate-based herbicides (6161.09 tons/year) was in 2018 and the lowest was (45.95 ton/year) in 1989. Among the prefectures, Hokkaido had the largest total amount of glyphosate-based herbicides used from 1989 to 2019, while Nara had the lowest. According to the ecotoxicological and health risk assessments, glyphosate posed modest threats to the Japanese aquatic environment and human health. However, the lack of frequent monitoring of glyphosate-based herbicides in surface water and the continued use of glyphosphate in Japan in high concentrations may pose significant dangers to aquatic organisms and human health, implying that these concerns should be reviewed on a regular basis.
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This work was financed by Egyptian Ministry of Higher Education (Egypt-Japan Education Partnership) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (KAKENHI Grant No. 16KT0149).
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Derbalah, A., Sakugawa, H. Trends in Glyphosate Use with Time in Japan, as Well as Their Relation to Surface Water Concentrations and Risk Assessment. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 711 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06733-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06733-7