Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Solubilization and Uptake of Phosphorus (P) by Wheat and Maize Crops from Indigenous Rock Phosphate Applied with Biogas Slurry and Bagasse Ash

  • Published:
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Application of bio-waste from agricultural industries like bagasse ash (BA) and biogas slurry (BGS) may improve soil physico-chemical properties like soil pH and nutrient bioavailability. This approach is more useful to deal with organic wastes. Two independent experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of bioenergy wastes (BA and BGS) application, on phosphorus (P) uptake by wheat and maize. Eleven different treatments of BA and BGS in combination with rock phosphorus (RP) and diammonium phosphorus (DAP) were employed following completely randomized design with three replicates. Application of bio-wastes in combination with P fertilizers significantly improved growth and yield. Maximum grain yield in wheat was observed in treatment RP plus BA@ 10 Mg ha−1 (T9), while in maize, grain yield was maximum in treatment RP 75% plus BGS @ 0.6 Mg ha−1 (T10). Yield was correlated well with the P concentration in grains as maximum P concentration and contents were observed in same treatments having maximum grain yield i.e. T9 & T10, respectively. Both crops differed significantly to applied rock P and the bio wastes which is clearly indicated from the normalized values for grain yield and other parameters. Rock phosphate application is more suitable with bagasse ash for wheat (C3 plants) while for maize crop (C4 plants), rock P application is more suitable with biogas slurry with 75% dose of rock P. It is concluded that the efficient use of organic wastes is to apply with rock phosphate. This approach is also helpful in dealing with organic wastes like biogas slurry and bagasse ash in a sustainable manner.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code Availability

Non applicable.

References

  • Adekayode, F. O., & Olojugba, M. R. (2010). The utilization of wood ash as manure to reduce the use of mineral fertilizer for improved performance of maize (Zea mays L.) as measured in the chlorophyll content and grain yield. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 1, 40–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. M., & Ingram, J. S. I. (1993). Tropical soil biology and fertility a handbook of methods (2nd ed.). CAB International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashenafi, H., & Tewodros, A. (2018). Comparative study on the effect of bio-slurry and inorganic N-fertilizer on growth and yield of kale (Brassica oleracea L.). African Journal of Plant Science., 12, 81–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aziz, T., Finnegan, P. M., Lambers, H., & Jost, R. (2014). Organ-specific phosphorus-allocation patterns and transcript profiles linked to phosphorus efficiency in two contrasting wheat genotypes. Plant, Cell and Environment, 37(4), 943–960. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12210

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aziz, T., Maqsood, M. A., Sabir, M., & Kanwal, S. (2011). Categorization of Brassica cultivars for phosphorus acquisition from phosphate rock on the bases of growth and ionic parameters. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 34, 522–533.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baligar, V. C., Fageria, N. K., & He, Z. L. (2001). Nutrient use efficiency in plants. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 32, 921–950.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benbi, D. K., Thind, H. S., Sharma, S., Brar, K., & Toor, A. S. (2017). Bagasse ash application stimulates agricultural soil C sequestration without inhibiting soil enzyme activity. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 48, 1822–1833.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhadha, J. H., Capasso, J., Schindelbeck, R, & Bacon, A. (2017). Tools for Evaluating Soil Health. SL443. Gainesville: University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss657. Accessed 18 May 2023.

  • Bhatnagar, A., Kesari, K. K., & Shurpali, N. (2016). Multidisciplinary approaches to handling wastes in sugar industries. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 227, 11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-015-2705-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bilal, H. M., Aziz, T., Maqsood, M. A., Farooq, M., & Yan, G. (2018). Categorization of wheat genotypes for phosphorus efficiency. PLoS One, 13, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205471

  • Bouyoucos, G. J. (1962). Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54, 464–465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coban, H., Miltner, A., Elling, F. J., Hinrichs, K. U., & Kästner, M. (2015). The contribution of biogas residues to soil organic matter formation and CO2 emissions in an arable soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 86, 108–115.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cordella, D. D. J., & White, S. (2009). The story of phosphorus: Global food security and food for thought. Global Environmental Change, 19, 292–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gerloff, S. (1977). Plant efficiencies in the use of N, P and K. In M. J. Wright (Ed.), Plant adaptation to mineral stress in problem soils (pp. 161–174). Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gichangi, E. (2019). Effects of organic amendments on the transformations and bioavailability of phosphorus in soils: A review. Discovery Agriculture, 5, 41–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonfa, A., Bedadi, B., & Argaw, A. (2018). Effect of bagasse ash and filter cake amendments on wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) yield and yield components in nitisol. International Journal of Recycling Organic Waste Agriculture, 7, 231–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, A. K., Mishra, R. K., Sinha, S., & Lee, B. K. (2010). Growth, metal accumulation and yield performance of Brassica campestris L. (cv. Pusa Jaikisan) grown on soil amended with tannery sludge/fly ash mixture. Ecological Engineering, 36, 981–991.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haimi, J., Fritze, H., & Moilanen, P. (2000). Responses of soil decomposer animals to wood-ash fertilization and burning in a coniferous forest stand. Forest Ecology and Management, 129, 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(99)00158-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hasan, H., Dang, L., Khabbaz, H., Fatahi, B., & Terzaghi, S. (2016). Remediation of expansive soils using agricultural waste bagasse ash. Procedia Engineering, 143, 1368–1375.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ishikawa, S., Hoshiba, S., Hinata, T., Hishinuma, T., & Morita, S. (2006). Evaluation of a biogas plant from life cycle assessment (LCA). International Congress Series, 1293, 230–323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Islam, M. R., Rahman, S. M. E., Rahman, M. M., Oh, D. H., & Ra, C. S. (2010). The effects of biogas slurry on the production and quality of maize fodder. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 34, 91–99.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, M. L. (1962). Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kosar, H. S., Gill, M. A., Aziz, T., & Tahir, M. A. (2003). Relative phosphorus utilization efficiency of wheat genotypes in hydroponics. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 40, 28–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, S., Malav, L. C., Malav, M. K., & Khan, S. A. (2015). Biogas slurry: Source of nutrients for eco- friendly agriculture biogas slurry: Source of nutrients for eco-friendly agriculture. International Journal of Extension Research, 2, 42–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakens, D. (2013). Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science: A practical primer for t-tests and ANOVAs. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 863. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lambers, H., Bishop, J. G., Hopper, S. D., & Laliberte, E. A. (2012). Zuniga-Feest, phosphorus mobilization ecosystem engineering: The roles of cluster roots and carboxylate exudation in young P-limited ecosystems. Annals Botany, 110(2), 329–348.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langhans, C., Beusen, A. H. W. J., Mogollón, M., & Bouwman, A. F. (2022). Phosphorus for sustainable development goal target of doubling smallholder productivity. Nature Sustainability, 5, 57–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H., Ha, H. S., Lee, C. H., Lee, Y. B., & Kim, P. J. (2006). Fly ash effect on improving soil properties and rice productivity in Korean paddy soils. Bioresouce Technology, 97(13), 1490–1497.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Z., Sun, K., Zheng, B., Dong, Q., Li, G., Han, H., & Li, Z. T. (2019). Ning, Impacts of straw, biogas slurry, manure and mineral fertilizer applications on several biochemical properties and crop yield in a wheat-maize cropping system. Plant Soil and Environment, 65, 1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maria, L. E., Warnars, I., & Hivos. (2014). Bioslurry: a supreme fertilizer Positive effects of bioslurry on crops. In IFOAM Organic World Congress 2014. Building Organic Bridges, 13-15 Oct., Istanbul, Turkey

  • Mengel, K., & Kirkby, E. A. (2001). Principles of plant nutrition (5th ed.). Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Mupambwa, H. A., & Mnkeni, P. N. S. (2015). Optimization of fly ash incorporation into cow dung-waste paper mixtures for enhanced vermidegradation and nutrient release. Journal of Environmental Quality, 44, 972–981.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, D. W., & Sommers, L. E. (1982). Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties (pp. 539–579). American Society Agron. Soil Sci. West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.

  • Niu, Y. F., Chai, R. S., Jin, G. L., Wang, H., Tang, C. X., & Zhang, Y. S. (2013). Responses of root architecture development to low phosphorus availability: A review. Annals of Botany, 112, 391–408.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Halloran, I. P. (1993). Effect of tillage and fertilization on inorganic and organic soil phosphorus. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 73, 359–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Odiete, I., Chude, V. O., Ojeniyi, S. O., Okozi, A. A., & Hussaini, G. M. (2005). Response of maize to nitrogen and phosphorus sources in Guinea savanna zone of Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science, 15, 90–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozturk, L., Eker, S., Torun, B., & Cakmak, I. (2005). Variation in phosphorus efficiency among 73 bread and durum wheat genotypes grown in a phosphorus-deficient calcareous soil. Plant and Soil, 269, 69–80.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Page, A. L., Miller, R. H., & Keeny, D. R. (1982). Chemical and microbiological properties. In Methods of soil analysis. Part 2 (2nd ed.). Soil Sci. Society America, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

  • Penn, C. J., Mullins, G. L., & Zelazny, L. W. (2005). Mineralogy in relation to phosphorus sorption and dissolved phosphorus losses in runoff. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 69(5), 1532.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Press, S. (2016). Phosphorus use efficiency of bio-based fertilizers: Bioavailability and fractionation. Pedosphere, 26, 310–325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M., Muhammad, D., Mussarat, M., Sharif, M., Irfan, M., Ahmad, J., & Ishaq, F. (2018). Effect of acidulated levels and application techniques of rock phosphate on phosphorus use efficiency and yield of wheat in calcareous soil of Peshawar-Pakistan. Pure Applied Biology, 7, 1094–1103.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahmatullah, Gill, M. A., Shaikh, B. Z., & Salim, M. (1994). Bioavailability and distribution of phosphorus among inorganic fractions in calcareous soils. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation, 8(3), 227–234.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rashid, A., & Memon, K. S. (2005). Soil science (3rd ed.). National Book Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose, T. J., Liu, L., & Wissuwa, M. (2013). Improving phosphorus efficiency in cereal crops: Is breeding for reduced grain phosphorus concentration part of the solution? Frontiers Plant Science, 4, 1–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharif, M., Wahid, T. F., Khan, F., Khan, S., Khan, A., & Shah, A. (2013). Effect of rock phosphate composted with organic materials on yield and phosphorus uptake of wheat and mung bean crops. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 45, 1349–1356.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sieling, K., Herrmann, A., Wienforth, B., Taube, F., Ohl, S., Hartung, E., & Kage, H. (2013). Biogas cropping systems: Short term response of yield performance and N use efficiency to biogas residue application. European Journal of Agronomy, 47, 44–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, Y., Sharma, S., & Singh, V. (2017). Phosphorus fertilizing potential of bagasse ash and rice husk ash in wheat – rice system on alkaline loamy sand soil. Journal of Agricultural Science, 155, 465–474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soltanpour, P. N., & Workman, S. (2008). Modification of the NH4HCO3-DTPA soil test to omit carbon black. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 10, 1411–1420.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang, Y., Wen, G., Li, P., Dai, C., & Han, J. (2019). Effects of biogas slurry application on crop production and soil properties in a rice-wheat rotation on coastal reclaimed farmland. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 230, 51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • USDA. (2020). Foreign agricultural services, GAIN report. Sugar Annual Report. USDA, Washington D. C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Zwieten, L. (2018). The long-term role of organic amendments in addressing soil constraints to production. Nutrient Cycling Agroecosystems, 111, 99–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warnars MLE, Hivos (2014) Bioslurry: a supreme fertilizer positive effects of bioslurry on crops. In IFOAM Organic World Congress 2014, ‘Building Organic Bridges’, 13–15 October, Istanbul, Turkey.

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledged the help of Dr. Nils Borchard (Natural Resources Institute Finland) and Dr. Khalid Mahmood (ITT, Cologne Germany) for fruitful suggestions during the execution of this research.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Ammara Farooq, Bushra Saeed & Muhammad Aamer Maqsood

  2. Water Management Research Farm, Renala Khurd, Okara, 56130, Punjab, Pakistan

    Hafiz Muhammad Bilal

  3. Soil Chemistry Section, Institute of Soil Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Nasim

  4. UAF Sub-Campus Depalpur Okara, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Tariq Aziz

  5. Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China

    Minggang Xu

Authors
  1. Ammara Farooq
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bushra Saeed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hafiz Muhammad Bilal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Muhammad Aamer Maqsood
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Muhammad Nasim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Tariq Aziz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Minggang Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Ammara Farooq and Bushra Saeed executed experiments (lead), compiled data and analyzed samples (equal), Tariq Aziz conceived the idea and supervised the work, Hafiz Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Aamer Maqsood and Muhammad Nasim wrote original draft (equal) and performed statistical analysis (lead), Tariq Aziz and Minggang Xu review and improved article contents (lead).

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Tariq Aziz or Minggang Xu.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

Non applicable.

Consent to Participate

Non applicable.

Consent for Publication

Non applicable.

Conflict of Interests

Authors declared no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Farooq, A., Saeed, B., Bilal, H.M. et al. Solubilization and Uptake of Phosphorus (P) by Wheat and Maize Crops from Indigenous Rock Phosphate Applied with Biogas Slurry and Bagasse Ash. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 709 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06721-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06721-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation