Abstract
Cr(III) is indissoluble and shows less toxicity against Cr(VI). Therefore, it is very important to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by appropriate methods. In the current study, reduction studies of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by bioremediation method were performed, which is an economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly method. For this, 13 chromium resistant bacteria were obtained from leather industry wastewater of the Gerede-Bolu region of Turkey. As a Cr(VI) source, solutions containing K2Cr2O7 and CrO3 at different concentrations (25–500 mg/L) were prepared separately in nutrient broth, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined. BCA13 isolate, which was molecularly identified by 16S rDNA analysis, has the highest MIC value (500 mg/L). The reduction impact of BCA13 isolate in Cr(VI) at different pH conditions (4.0–10.0) was detected. The optimum pH condition was pH 6.5. It was observed that at pH 6.5, BCA13 isolate completely reduced 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L Cr(VI), at 32nd, 56th, 64th, 80th, and 96th h, respectively. BCA13 strain could be used in biodegradation studies because it has the ability to reduce at high chromium concentrations.
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Data Availability
The data sets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The writers are grateful for the valuable contribution to Dr Mehmet Bahadir ACAR The authors would like to thank Gazi University Academic Writing Application and Research Center (Certificate Number: 28.12.2021/0121).
Funding
This work was supported by the Gazi University Scientific Research Projects Department (05/2015–14 coded project).
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BCA: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing—original draft, project administration. ZY: methodology, investigation, resources, funding acquisition, supervision. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Highlights
• Minimum inhibitory concentration of Raoultella ornithinolytica BCA13 strain was determined as 500 mg/L. BCA13 strain was able to maintain its viability at high Cr(VI) concentrations. The cell density reached the highest value at the 60th h in all Cr(VI) concentrations.
• Raoultella ornithinolytica BCA13 strain compared to bacteria used in other studies, it was completely reduced at different Cr(VI) concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mg/L) in a shorter time. Raoultella ornithinolytica BCA13 strain exhibited high Cr(VI) reduction properties, even at different pH (4.0–10.0) conditions.
• Raoultella ornithinolytica BCA13 strain showed at different conditions and concentrations quite high Cr(VI) reduction capacity. Therefore, it could be used in biodegradation research.
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Cinar Acar, B., Yuksekdag, Z. Bioreduction of Cr(VI) by Raoultella ornithinolytica BCA13 Obtained from Tannery Effluent. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 270 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06226-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06226-7