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Potassium Permanganate and Sodium Silicate Co-modified Bamboo Charcoal for Efficient Treatment of Ammonia Nitrogen Pollution in Rare Earth Mines: Performance and Mechanism

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Abstract

The ammonia nitrogen (AN) pollution caused by the mining of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore (WCED-REO) poses a huge threat to the environment. Therefore, developing an economical and efficient treatment for AN pollution is extremely necessary. Jiangxi province has abundant bamboo resources. In this work, the cheap and easily available bamboo charcoal (BC) was used as the raw material of the adsorbent, and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) co-modified bamboo charcoal (KSBC) was fabricated. The results showed that KSBC contained rich microporous structure with abundant functional groups. When the initial pH of the solution was 7.0, the initial AN concentration was 100 mg/L, and the solid-to-liquid ratio was 10 g/L, the maximum adsorption capacity of NH4+-N by KSBC was 7.2 mg/g, which was 4 times larger than that of BC. We also carried out interference experiments with representative ions in WCED-REO areas, and KSBC showed a good performance in the presence of some interferents. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation was also used to further elucidate the reason of reducing participation from interferents. The adsorption mechanism mainly includes electrostatic interaction, surface complexation, and ion exchange interaction. The results of desorption experiments showed that the contribution of electrostatic interaction and ion exchange to the removal of AN was 86.29% of the adsorption efficiency, implying a good regeneration potential. These results could provide theoretical support and guidance for development and application of BC-based biochar adsorption material in the treatment of nitrogen-contaminated water in WCED-REO areas.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author Q. Xue. The data are not publicly available due to them containing information that could compromise research participant privacy.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42177061), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC1808300, 2019YFC1805103), and the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities (2652019115).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Yaxin Feng, Chenhui Jin, Qiang Xue, Yiran Liu, Nannan Liu & Zhenqiang Li

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Yaxin Feng, Chenhui Jin, Qiang Xue, Yiran Liu, Nannan Liu & Zhenqiang Li

  3. National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing, 100037, China

    Siwen Liu & Yuanying Huang

  4. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources for Eco-Geochemistry, Beijing, 100037, China

    Siwen Liu & Yuanying Huang

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  1. Yaxin Feng
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Feng, Y., Jin, C., Xue, Q. et al. Potassium Permanganate and Sodium Silicate Co-modified Bamboo Charcoal for Efficient Treatment of Ammonia Nitrogen Pollution in Rare Earth Mines: Performance and Mechanism. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 109 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-06020-x

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