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The Influence of Surface Pavement on the Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Watershed

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Abstract

The presence of urban surface pollutants washed off by stormwater is a growing concern due to their adverse effects on receiving water quality. The stormwater quality mitigation strategies, therefore, should be based on the knowledge of the distribution and source apportionment of pollutants on urban surfaces. This study showcases the distribution of particulate-associated PAHs as a function of surface characteristic. Samples were obtained from six sites in the city of Dresden, Germany, using a wet vacuum sample-taking method. Both surface load (mg/m2) and solid-phase concentration (mg/g) of PAHs were determined. Results show that the highest surface load of ∑16PAHs was found at a natural stone-paved pedestrian path with 34.5 μg/m2. By contrast, the highest solid-phase concentration occurred at a high traffic load road with 36 mg/kg. Through a combined qualitative diagnostic ratio and quantitative principal component analysis with stepwise multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) source apportionment, two significant contributors to PAH at vehicular roads were primarily identified as pyrogenic and petrogenic sources; 81.6% of the PAH burden was ascribed to pyrogenic sources including vehicle emission, coal, and wood combustions; 18.4% was attributed to petrogenic sources, such as spilled engine oil and vehicular tire debris. To minimize the adverse influence of surface sediments adsorbed PAHs to the receiving waters via stormwater runoff, a surface pavement-based city street sweeping strategy could be planned and optimized to remove hazardous materials from the impervious urban surfaces.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to gratefully thank Mrs. Dr. Heike Brückner, Mrs. Sinaida Heidt, and Mrs. Ulrike Gebauer for their assistance with laboratory analysis. This work was jointly supported by the COLABIS project (Collaborative Early Warning Information Systems for Urban Infrastructures, Grant No.: 03G0852A), and Managing Water Resources for Urban Catchments project (in the framework of the Sino-German “Innovation Cluster Major Water” Grant No.: 02WCL1337A-K) funded by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This manuscript has not been subjected to the above agencies’ required peer and policy review and therefore does not reflect the views of the above agencies and no official endorsement should be inferred.

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  1. Institute of Urban Water Management, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany

    Jin Zhang & Peter Krebs

  2. Chair of Water Supply Engineering, Institute of Urban Water Management, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany

    Pei Hua

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  1. Jin Zhang
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This paper is based on my conference proceeding and can be accessed at the following link http://documents.irevues.inist.fr/bitstream/handle/2042/51301/1C22-060ZHA.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

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Zhang, J., Hua, P. & Krebs, P. The Influence of Surface Pavement on the Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Watershed. Water Air Soil Pollut 228, 318 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3501-7

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